Maslenitsa yog ib qho ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm East Slavic kev lig kev cai ntawm kev pom tawm lub caij ntuj no, ua ke nrog pej xeem festivals thiab noj pancakes nrog butter. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no, nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv txawv txoj kev, pagan thiab Christian kev ntseeg tau ua ke. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj xyaum muaj ib tug Meat-Eater - ib lub lim tiam uas koj muaj peev xwm noj nqaij thiab ib tug Cheese Week, sib xws rau Maslenitsa, tab sis tsis noj nqaij cov khoom.
Thaum Pancake lub lim tiam pib
Kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Maslenitsa ua ntej pib ntawm Qiv ua ntej Easter. Thiab txij li hnub Easter yog ntab, Shrovetide tseem ua kev zoo siab rau hnub sib txawv. Hauv 2018, nws tau ua kev zoo siab los ntawm Lub Ob Hlis 12 txog 18, thiab hauv 2019 nws tau teem sijhawm rau lub sijhawm txij Lub Peb Hlis 4 txog 10. Maslenitsa yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm carnivals nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe.
Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm dhau los ntawm kev sib kis ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv ntawm cov neeg Slavic, kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Maslenitsa tau khi rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav equinox, uas yog qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo tshiab raws li hnub ci calendar. Nyob rau sab qaum teb hemisphere, nws sib raug rau lub Peb Hlis 20. Pancake lub lim tiam los ntawm hnub ntawm lub lim tiam muajsib txawv lub npe, sib txawv txheej xwm muaj hnub no.
Txoj Haujlwm thiab cov npe ntawm hnub so
Txoj haujlwm hnub so suav nrog kev ua koob tsheej loj, noj pancakes, ncuav mog qab zib. Thiab cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Belarusian thiab Ukrainian haiv neeg kuj npaj dumplings, syrniki thiab ua lub ceremony hu ua "pads". Thaum nws siv, cov ntxhais thiab cov tub tsis tau yuav txiv tau khi rau ntawm ceg ntawm lub lawj lossis lwm yam khoom, uas txhais tau hais tias kev thuam tias lawv tsis tau yuav txij li lub sijhawm.
Shrovetide lub lim tiam muaj ntau lub npe, piv txwv li, xws li: Gluttonous, Nqaij, Obyedukha, Oily Polyzuha, Mis. Nrog rau tag nrho lawv cov kev sib txawv, lawv xav txog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so raws li kev noj qab haus huv thiab noj qab nyob zoo ua ntej Lent.
Peb sab ntawm Maslenitsa
Lub cim ntawm hnub so yog ib qho effigy ntawm Maslenitsa, uas tau hlawv ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg. Qhov kev lig kev cai no evokes koom nrog cov dab neeg ntawm ib tug neeg tsis ntseeg Vajtswv uas ib txwm tuag thiab yug dua tshiab. Muaj lwm sab rau hnub so.
Tus menyuam roj hmab nws tus kheej yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev muaj menyuam thiab kev muaj menyuam, cov tshauv seem tom qab nws hlawv tau tawg mus thoob plaws teb, uas yuav tsum ua kom lawv cov khoom tsim tau. Qhov no tau siv tag nrho rau kev ntseeg tias kev xeeb tub ntawm cov txij nkawm kuj nce ntxiv. Qhov no qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub koom haum ntawm kev sib yuav.
Sab thib peb ntawm Shrovetide lub lim tiam yog tus yam ntxwv los ntawm qhov kev taw qhia zoo li lub ntees tuag. Nws tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus xws li nees sib tw thiab fisticuffs. Raws li qee tus neeg hais lus, pancakes, noj thaum noj zaub mov zoo, yog cov zaub mov lom zem tshaj plaws, thiab tsis yog lub cim ntawm lub hnub, raws li feem ntau ntseeg.
Nyob rau hauv peb lub sijhawm, Shrove Tuesday tau embodied ancient pagan thiab Christian kab lig kev cai, raws li nws yog txuam tsis tau tsuas yog nrog lub effigy ntawm Maslenitsa, tab sis kuj nrog Great Lent thiab zam txim rau hnub Sunday.
Kev Npaj - "Me Me Butter Dish"
Ua ntej piav txog Lub Limtiam Pancake, cia peb luv luv tshuaj xyuas cov kev npaj rau nws. Hauv qee thaj chaw nws tau pib lub lim tiam dhau los, uas tau hu ua "Motley". Yog li, hnub Saturday, pancakes tau ci ua ntej. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj pancakes "zaj" lub poker thiab, khiav ncig lub vaj, hais kom lub caij ntuj no tawm mus, thiab lub caij ntuj sov tuaj.
Hnub Saturday, lawv pib ua kev zoo siab rau "Me Maslenka". Cov menyuam yaus, khiav ncig lub zos, khaws cov khau bass thaj tsam pov tseg. Thaum cov neeg laus rov qab los ntawm bazaar nrog kev yuav khoom, lawv tau nug seb lawv puas nqa Maslenitsa. Yog cov lus teb tsis zoo, cov me nyuam yeej khau khiab.
Hnub Sunday tam sim ua ntej lub lim tiam Shrovetide, uas hu ua "Nqaij", cov txheeb ze, cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg nyob ze tau tuaj xyuas, caw lawv mus xyuas Shrovetide. Thiab leej txiv txawm hu tus tub xeeb ntxwv los "noj mov" thiab pib tham txog cheese thiab butter, uas yog, noj zaub mov ceev.
Npe hnub ntawm lub lim tiam: cov ntaub ntawv dav dav
Lub limtiam Maslenitsa ua ntej qiv muab faib ua ob ntu, thawj ntawm lawv yog hu ua "Narrow Maslenitsa", thiab thib ob - "Wide". Thawj feem suav nrog thawj peb hnub, thiab thib ob - plaub kawg. Thawj peb hnub tau tso cai ua haujlwm hauv tsev, thiab zaum kawgKuv yuav tsum mob siab rau kuv tus kheej rau hnub so. Cov neeg tau muab lub npe rau hnub Shrovetide lub lim tiam - txhua qhov sib cais. Xav txog lawv kom ntxaws.
Sib ntsib hnub Monday
Hnub Monday hu ua "Lub Rooj Sib Tham". Hnub Monday sawv ntxov yog pib ntawm Narrow Maslenitsa. Zoo li txhua hnub ntawm Pancake lub lim tiam, nws muaj nws tus yam ntxwv.
Ntxhais niam tais nrog niam tais xa ntxhais vauv rau niam thiab txiv tau ib hnub. Thiab thaum yav tsaus ntuj lawv lawv tus kheej mus xyuas lawv. Nyob ntawd, lub sij hawm ntawm kev ua koob tsheej thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg caw tau teev tseg. Txog lub sijhawm no, kev tsim cov viav vias, lub rooj muag khoom thiab cov daus swb feem ntau ua tiav.
txheej txheem ntawm ci pancakes pib. Raws li txoj cai, thawj pancake tau muab rau cov neeg pluag ua kev nco txog cov neeg tuag. Lawv ua ib qho khoom siv Maslenitsa tawm ntawm cov khaub ncaws qub thiab cov quav cab, muab nws tso rau ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg, muab tso rau hauv ib lub sleigh thiab tsav nws hla txoj kev. Qee lub sij hawm ib tug nyuj tau tsav ncig lub zos, uas lawv hnav khau bast.
Nyob hauv lub zos Belarusian muaj ib qho kev ua si hu ua "Grandfather's Funeral". Thaum lub sij hawm nws, ib lub hleb nrog ib tug straw effigy tau muab tso rau hauv lub tsev, uas tau quaj ntsuag zoo li ib tug neeg nyob. Tom qab ntawd, lub hleb raug coj mus rau lub toj ntxas, muab faus rau hauv straw thiab teem rau hluav taws.
Shrovetide koob tsheej
Tuesday hu ua "Tricks". Hnub ob ntawm Maslenitsa lub lim tiam, cov nkauj nyab tau tuav rau cov nkauj nyab, uas tau ua ntej los ntawm kev sib tw. Lawv tau teem sijhawm los sib tham nrog Shrovetide yog li ntawd tom qab Great Lent, thawj hnub Sunday tom qab Easter (ntawm Krasnaya Gorka), ua kev zoo siab rau lub tshoob. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tau mus caij los ntawm lub roob thiab noj pancakes, caw cov txheeb ze thiabacquaintances.
Fatty medium
Wednesday tau nicknamed "Gourmet". Lwm lub npe rau nws yog Fast Wednesday, uas yog, hnub uas noj zaub mov ceev. Lo lus "skorny" los ntawm Qub Slavonic "sai", uas txhais tau tias "rog". Hnub Wednesday, tus tub xeeb ntxwv tau mus xyuas nws niam tais noj pancakes uas nws tau ci tshwj xeeb rau nws. Yog li ntawd, nws ua rau nws muaj kev sov siab thiab hwm nws. Ntxiv rau tus ntxhais tus txiv, lwm cov qhua tuaj noj.
Rampant Thursday
Txuas ntxiv cov lus piav qhia ntawm txhua hnub ntawm Pancake Lub Limtiam, Kuv xav tshwj xeeb rau hnub Thursday. Nws muaj ob peb lub npe, piv txwv li, xws li: "Razguly", "Razguly-Quarter", "Oiled Carol", "Broad Thursday". Nws yog los ntawm hnub no uas muaj kev ua koob tsheej tiag tiag, dav pib, txij li txhua yam kev lag luam raug tshem tawm. Ntau yam kev lom zem pib, fistfights, caij nees - ntawm horseback thiab hauv sleigh. Qhov kev lom zem tseem ceeb rau hnub Thursday yog kev sib ntaus sib tua rau lub nroog daus.
Hnub no, hluav taws kub hnyiab tau nyob txhua qhov chaw, dhau los ntawm kev ua koob tsheej dhia. Kev ua koob tsheej tau nrog cov nkauj carnival, uas piav txog cov xwm txheej ntawm pej xeem festivals. Ib tug straw nees raug coj mus rau hauv lub zos, nws tau nchuav nrog dej thaum hmo ntuj kom nws khov thiab khov, thiab lawv kuj tau tsav ib tug tshis muaj txoj phuam qhwv caj dab pov rau saum taub hau.
Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj kev lom zem nrog kev mob siab rau tshwj xeeb. Lawv ntshai cov neeg taug kev los ntawm kev pleev xim lawv lub ntsej muag nrog cov hmoov av, npog lub qhov rooj nrog cov daus, propped li lub qhov rooj nkag mus rau lub tsev nrog cav,hnav cov tsho plaub rau sab hauv, rub lub laub mus rau saum lub ru tsev.
Txij hnub Thursday lawv pib hu nkauj carols, thaum tib neeg taug kev ncig thaj chaw nrog balalaikas, tambourines, thiab lwm yam twj paj nruag. Rau kev zoo siab rau cov tswv ntawm hnub so, cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog nyiaj thiab ib khob cawv. Feem ntau tag nrho cov xwm txheej tau xaus nrog kev ua koob tsheej nrov.
rov mus ntsib niam tais
Hnub Friday hu ua "Teschina's yav tsaus ntuj", vim thaum tuaj txog, niam tais tuaj rau nws tus ntxhais thiab nws tus txiv - nws tus tub-ntxhais rov mus xyuas. Tam sim no kuv tus ntxhais tau ci pancakes. Leej niam coj nws tus hluas nkauj thiab cov txheeb ze, uas tus tub xeeb ntxwv yuav tsum qhia nws lub siab nrog rau niam tais.
Hnub Saturday sib ntsib
Hnub Saturday tau hu ua "Kev sib sau ua niam txiv". Hnub no, cov poj niam hluas tau caw lawv cov muam (tus txiv cov viv ncaus) thiab nws cov txheeb ze mus rau lawv lub tsev. Yog tus muam tseem tsis tau yuav niam yau ces tus vauv txawm coj hluas nkauj los tseem tsis tau yuav. Thiab vice versa, rau cov poj niam sib yuav, cov kwv tij txheeb ze raug hu. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus niam tais tau muab khoom plig.
Climax ntawm hnub so
Sunday hu ua "Seeing Off" thiab qhov tseeb, yog. Nws kuj tau hu ua: "Tus kisser", "Syropustie", "Kev zam txim rau hnub Sunday". Nws yog qhov kawg ntawm tag nrho Maslenitsa lub lim tiam. Lub sijhawm no, muaj kev sib koom ua ke, uas yog, abstinence ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kho nrog cov tais diav ua ntej Lub Rau Hli. Thiab tseem cov neeg nyob ze tig mus rau ib leeg nrog kev thov zam txim rau qhov ua txhaum cai thiab teeb meem.
Thaum yav tsaus ntuj hauv lub tuam tsev, tus kws kho mob thov kev zam txim los ntawm lwm tus thawj coj hauv pawg ntseeg thiab cov neeg ncaj ncees tam sim no. Tom qab ntawd, cov parishioners kuj thov kev zam txim ntawm ib leeg, ua bows. Teb rau qhov kev thov, nws suab: "Vajtswv yuav zam txim."
Thaum yav tsaus ntuj lawv ua kev nco txog cov neeg txheeb ze uas tuag lawm, mus xyuas lub toj ntxas. Cov poj niam uas nyob ntsiag to mus txog rau thaum txog plaub teev tsaus ntuj, nrhiav lub qhov ntxa, txhos caug nyob ze nws thiab pe hawm peb zaug, thov kev zam txim ntawm cov neeg tuag. Tom qab ntawd, pancakes tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov ntxa thiab muab ib lub raj mis ntawm vodka, thiab cov poj niam kuj ntsiag to mus tsev.
Txawm hnub ntawd los, Lavxias teb sab banya tau sov. Nws yog ib txwm ua kom hlawv cov zaub mov seem ntawm hnub so, thiab ntxuav cov tais diav kom huv. Thaum kawg ntawm tag nrho cov txheej xwm festive, ib tug effigy ntawm Maslenitsa raug hlawv, thiab nws cov tshauv tau nqa mus thoob plaws teb.
Burning Shrovetide
Kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev pom Maslenitsa hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm Russia muaj qee qhov sib txawv. Tab sis raws li txoj cai, nws yog qhov kub hnyiab ntawm Maslenitsa. Qhov no scarecrow personified lub caij ntuj no los yog ib tug mythological poj niam ua cim npe hu ua Marena, los yog Morana, uas nyob rau hauv lub Slavic kev lig kev cai yog txuam nrog lub rites ntawm kev tuag mus tas li thiab sawv rov los ntawm xwm.
Tus menyuam roj hmab tau thauj khoom mus rau lub laub ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub tsheb ciav hlau carnival, uas qee zaum suav ntau pua nees. Nyob rau hauv qhov hluav taws kub, qhov chaw uas tus menyuam roj hmab hlawv, zaub mov raug pov, npaj ua kev nco txog cov neeg tuag - qe, ncuav, pancakes. Thiab kuj tau ua cov menyuam roj hmab me me, uas ua cim txawvyam xwm txheej tsis kaj siab. Lawv raug muab pov rau hauv qhov hluav taws kom tshem tau kev txom nyem ntawm lawv lub ntsej muag.
Qee zaum Maslenitsa tsis raug hlawv, tab sis faus rau hauv av. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, ib tug parody ntawm ib tug ntees tuag procession yog teem, cov neeg koom ntawm uas nqa ib tug effigy los ntawm lub zos, muab tso rau hauv ib tug trough, txaj los yog nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim lub hleb thawv. Ib tug ntxhais nrog ib tug khi hwj txwv ua los ntawm ntaub plaub los yog hemp, nyob rau hauv chintz khaub ncaws ua raws li ib tug chasuble, portrayed ib tug pov thawj. Nws kuj yuav yog ib tug txiv neej. Lub procession raug kaw los ntawm ib pawg neeg quaj ntsuag. Zaj nkauj no raug muab tso tseg.
Hnub so Maslenitsa tau ua tiav tiav rau hnub no. Ob qho tib si thaum ub Slavic thiab Christian kab lig kev cai uas nws tau absorbed, thiab lub sij hawm ntawm Shrovetide lub lim tiam, yog pom los ntawm ntau Russians. Qhov no suav nrog ci pancakes, mus xyuas cov phooj ywg thiab cov txheeb ze, thiab hlawv ib qho effigy ntawm Maslenitsa. Nrog rau kev thov kev zam txim, kev pabcuam hauv pawg ntseeg, kev ua koob tsheej nco txog cov neeg tuag thiab kev npaj rau Lent. Maslenitsa yog ib qho kev zoo siab, kev ua neej zoo thiab kev sib koom ua hnub so.
