Ib tug neeg nyob deb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tsis to taub yog thawj los yog ob lo lus nyob rau hauv kab lus "nws menaion". Txij li thaum lub npe ntawm no yog "menaia," piav qhia yuav tsum pib nrog nws. Lub tsev teev ntuj liturgical phau ntawv, uas suav nrog tag nrho cov kev pabcuam ntawm lub voj voog txhua xyoo, hu ua "menaion". Muaj 12 lub hlis hauv ib xyoos thiab nws muaj 12 phau ntawv (ua tiav). Lub npe yog qiv los ntawm Greek lus, thiab hauv kev txhais lus txhais tau tias "hli" - mhnaion (mhn - hli). Txhua phau ntawv muaj cov ntawv nyeem rau ib hlis hauv qhov kev txiav txim sib raug rau cov kev pabcuam ntawm lub voj voog txhua hnub: yav tsaus ntuj (raws li Mauxes, hnub pib thaum yav tsaus ntuj) - cuaj teev, vespers, compline, thiab lwm yam, mus txog rau lub liturgy.
Qhov txawv ntawm menaia
“Tus Tswv Menaion”, uas muaj nrog rau cov ntawv teev lus saum toj no, tsis yog nyob rau hauv phau ntawv no, tab sis yog rau cov phau ntawv teev ntuj, thiab muaj lub neej ntawm cov neeg ntseeg, kuj tau teem caij los ntawm lub hli, thiab nyob rau hauv ib lub hlis - los ntawm hnub. Cov ntawv no yog npaj los nyeem sab nraum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Thiab lub npe "Cheta Menaion", uas muaj cov lus qub Slavonic thiab Greek, txhais ua "kev nyeem ntawv txhua hli", uas muaj cov loj loj.cov ntaub ntawv rau hagiography - ib qho kev tshawb fawb uas kawm txog lub neej ntawm cov neeg ntseeg. Ntawm no kuj yog lub tsev teev ntuj cov ntaub ntawv qhia, uas yog lub ntsiab nyeem nyob rau hauv Ancient Russia. Lub Great Menaion ntawm Metropolitan Macarius yog ib hom kev sau ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv, raws li muaj pov thawj los ntawm nws tus kheej: "Nws sau tag nrho cov phau ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab av."
Sau thiab nyeem thaum ub
Thawj phau ntawv nyob rau hauv Russia muaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua X. Lub sijhawm no hu ua "pre-Mongol". Phau ntawv sau xyoo 12th, hu ua Assumption Collection, muaj Lub Neej ntawm Theodosius ntawm Qhov tsua thiab Tales ntawm Boris thiab Gleb. Lawv raug tsim nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas lawv yuav zoo pom tau tias yog ib tug neeg lub menaion rau lub Tsib Hlis. Tab sis cov lus piav qhia no tsis suav nrog hauv pawg ntseeg sau, uas muaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv txhais. Qee qhov kev sim rov ua dua cov phau ntawv no rau kev nyeem ntawv tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm sib txawv, piv txwv li, nyob rau xyoo pua 15th, tab sis muaj qee qhov piv txwv.
Kev sau ntawv ntawm Macarius
Tab sis twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, qhov saum toj no-hais Great Honors ntawm Menaion ntawm Macarius tshwm sim. Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntawv txhais lus, lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb - cov lus qhia patristic thiab apocrypha, qee zaum voluminous. Lawv, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog lub sij hawm rau coincide nrog lub hnub nco txog ntawm ib tug los yog lwm tus neeg dawb huv. Lub Honour ntawm Menaion ntawm Moscow Assumption Cathedral, ib qho ntawm plaub lub npe hu ua hnub no, tsuas yog ib qho uas tau khaws cia tag nrho. Nws yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub synodal tsev qiv ntawv ntawm lub cathedral. Qhov peb seem ntawm Menaia Chetya yog cov npe tsis tiav. Ib tug Menaion tau sau rau Ivan qhov txaus ntshai, uas tsis muajLub Peb Hlis thiab Plaub Hlis. Lwm ob yog cov npe ntawm Chudov Monastery thiab St. Sophia Library. Cov no tsuas yog 4 cov npe uas sawv cev rau Great Honors ntawm Menaia ntawm Archbishop Macarius ntawm Novgorod, tom qab lub nroog Moscow, uas tau muaj sia nyob rau hnub no.
Lwm tus devotees hauv daim teb no
Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th, sim txuas ntxiv mus sau cov tsev teev ntuj cov phau ntawv rau kev nyeem tsis yog liturgical. Yog li ntawd, M. Milyutin nyob rau hauv lub sab ntsuj plig scientific thiab literary phau ntawv journal "Readings nyob rau hauv lub Society of Spiritual Enlightenment Lovers", luam tawm mus txog rau thaum 1871, scrupulously piav txog lub Menaia ntawm lub Koom Txoos Nativity pov thawj John Milyutin, uas nws tau sau ua ke nrog nws peb tug tub los ntawm 1646 mus rau 1654 ib. Lawv khaws cia nyob rau hauv Moscow Synodal Library. Kev tshuaj xyuas M. Milyutin thiab Menaia ntawm Hieronymus ntawm Trinity-Sergius Monastery, kws sau ntawv thiab sau ntawv German Tulupov, sau los ntawm nws hauv 1627-1632 thiab khaws cia hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Sergius Lavra.
Ntuj sau ntawv sab ntsuj plig
Tsim nyog tau txais kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog Menaions ntawm Dmitry Rostovsky, uas yog ntau phau ntawv "The Book of the Lives of the Saints", uas tau luam tawm tsis tu ncua, hauv quarters ntawm 1689 txog 1705. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm phau ntawv St. Demetrius yog, tau kawg, nyeem Menaion ntawm Macarius thiab Cov Tub Txib txoj Hauj Lwm ntawm Tsoom Haiv Neeg Ntseeg, luam tawm los ntawm Bollandist Catholic lub koom txoos, uas muaj feem ntau ntawm cov kawm Jesuit. Lub npe ntawm lub koom haum tau muab npe tom qab nws tus tsim Jean Bolland. Qhov ntawd yog, tej hauj lwm uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm "Phau Ntawv ntawm Lub Neej Ntawm Tsoom Haiv Neeg Ntseeg" yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, thiab Lub Nroog Lub Nroog Nyeem Ntawv Menaia. Dmitry Rostovsky tau ua zoo heev. Rau qhov no, tus kws sau ntawv ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab tus xibhwb, Npis Sov ntawm lub Koom Txoos Lavxias, nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb Danilo Savvich Tuptalo, xyoo 1757 tau qhuas tias yog ib tug neeg dawb huv hauv lub Koom Txoos Orthodox Lavxias teb sab. Thiab tom qab nws tuag, lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho lub neej ntawm St. Dmitry ntawm Rostov yog supplemented los ntawm ib tug piav qhia ntawm nws tus kheej lub neej. Saint Hnub - 21 Cuaj hlis. Phau ntawv tau luam tawm ob peb zaug thiab ib txwm xav tau zoo ntawm cov ntseeg. Qhov nrov ntawm tus sau nws tus kheej yog xws li cov lus dab neeg tau tsim: yog tias tus ntseeg thov kev tiv thaiv los ntawm Dmitry ntawm Rostov, tag nrho cov neeg ntseeg, uas nws biography nws muab lub zog thiab kev txawj ntse, yuav tiv thaiv nws.
