Kiev hla: keeb kwm, piav qhia, pab dab tsi

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Kiev Cross Patriarch Nikon yog lub chaw reliquary, uas tau ua los ntawm nws qhov kev txiav txim. Thaum pib, nws tau npaj rau Onega Monastery. Relics yog lub npe nrov rau cov thawv uas cov khoom ntawm cov neeg ntseeg tau khaws cia. Lawv yog ua nyob rau hauv ntau yam, ib tug ntawm cov uas yog lub thaj ntoo khaub lig. Tej zaum lawv yuav muaj ib feem ntawm ib los yog ob peb tus neeg dawb huv. Muaj 108 ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub reliquary piav qhia, tsab xov xwm yuav qhia txog kev pab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig Kiysky nyob rau hauv Krapivniki thiab nws keeb kwm.

History of Creation

Hauv tebchaws Russia, txij xyoo 1652 txog 1666, Nikon yog yawg suab, nyob rau hauv uas tsim cov ntoo khaub lig pib, "los ntawm kev ntsuas thiab zoo li Tswv Yexus." Rau cov monasteries nws tsim nyob rau hauv Palestine, Nikon txiav txim ob peb ntawm no. Nyob rau hauv cov kob ntawm Kiye, qhov twg thaum lub sij hawm cua daj cua dub nyob rau hauv 1639 nws tau khiav dim. Lub Onega Cross Monastery tau tsim tsa ntawm no, qhov twg ib qho ntawm cov reliquaries tau teeb tsa, yog li nws lub npe.

Nws yog tsim los ntawm cypresstsob ntoo, thiab nws qhov loj me yog 310 los ntawm 192 los ntawm 8 cm, uas sib haum rau qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov uas Yexus raug ntsia saum ntoo khaub lig. Nws cov duab yog xya-taw tes - tsis muaj qhov ntsug ntsug saum lub kab rov tav sab saum toj. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. daim ntawv no ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig yog ib qho qauv rau kev rov ua dua, nrog rau kev qiv nyiaj rau cov tsev teev ntuj sab qaum teb. Tom qab ua tiav scaffolding thaum lub sij hawm erection ntawm lub tsev, thiab ib tug inscription tau ua rau lawv.

Trip to the island

Thaum xub thawj, tus ntoo khaub lig raug coj los ntawm Palestine mus rau Moscow. Nws tau raug fij tseg rau ntawm 1656-01-08, hais txog qhov uas tau ua kev nco txog hauv nws qhov qis. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich tau hais kom xa nws hauv 1657 mus rau Kiy Island nrog kev hwm zoo.

Nws tau nrog cov tswv cuab ntawm cov txiv plig thiab ib lub tuam txhab ntawm dragoons. Nws raug tub rog hnyav heev. Cov no yog 108 loj thiab me cam khwb cia hlau cannons, cannonballs, reeds, ib qho khoom siv phom phom. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lawv nrov nrov nruas, ntaus tawm ib tug solemn taug kev.

Thaum lawv nres hmo ntuj, tau luam tawm thiab teeb pom kev zoo. Ib tug ntawm lawv tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Onega, nyob rau hauv lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm Laxalau. Tam sim no nws nyob hauv Trinity Cathedral.

thaj chaw loj

Lub rellic tau xa mus rau cov kob hauv Onega Monastery thaum Lub Peb Hlis 1657. Nws yog los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd nws tau raug hu ua tus ntoo khaub lig Kiysky lossis Nikonovsky hauv cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg.

Nyob hauv lub tuam tsev, nws raug suav hais tias yog lub thaj neeb tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nyob rau hauv lub Vozdvizhensky Cathedral, nws coj qhov chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev duab,nyob rau sab xis ntawm lub qhov rooj muaj koob muaj npe. Thaum pib, nws tau tsa rau ntawm lub pob zeb, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj qhov ntxa.

Tom qab tso rau ntawm lub hauv paus siab. Ntawm ob sab ntawm nws yog cov cim ntawm Sib npaug-rau-tus-thwj tim Helena thiab Constantine. Thiab ntawm ob sab muaj cov duab ntawm ktitors - cov no yog cov neeg uas tau faib nyiaj rau kev tsim kho thiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nrog cov cim, frescoes.

Nyob rau hauv Kiysky ntoo khaub lig muaj 108 hais los ntawm cov relics ntawm cov neeg ntseeg, nrog rau 16 lub pob zeb coj los ntawm cov chaw cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej hauv phau Vajlugkub. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yog ib tug nyiaj reliquary uas muaj ib feem ntawm lub neej-Giving Cross thiab Tswv Yexus lub robe. Lub relics yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog rau 6 me me ntoo khaub lig. Lawv piav txog Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj. Lawv nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. coj los ntawm Athos.

Kev piav qhia ntxaws

Nyob rau hauv cov khoom muag ntawm lub tuam tsev rov qab mus rau 1819, muaj cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog Kiysky tus ntoo khaub lig thiab cov relics nyob hauv nws. Ntawm lawv, tshwj xeeb, hais yog ua los ntawm:

• nyiaj forged lub phij xab nrog gilding, muaj ib feem ntawm Khetos cov ntshav muab txoj sia;
• parts ntawm nws chasuble;
• particles of the Virgin's milk;
• ntshav ntawm Yauhas cov neeg ua kev cai raus dej;
• ntshav ntawm tus Thwj Tim Povlauj;
• tsob ntoo ntawm tus Tswv.

Saum lub phij xab no yog ib tug ntoo khaublig ntoo, kuj yog nyiaj thiab gilded. Ua ke nrog lub nkoj nws hnyav peb phaus. Nyob rau saum nruab nrab ntawm tsob ntoo yog ib lub hnub qub ua los ntawm tib yam khoom, thiab nyob rau hauv nws yog cov pob zeb uas coj los ntawm tus Tswv lub qhov ntxa.

Ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig no muaj rau me me, cypress, piav txog Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj, nrog rau ib tug me me nyiaj.ib tug ntoo khaub lig uas tus duab ntawm lub crucifixion ntawm Tswv Yexus yog carved. Sab saum toj ntawm lub hauv paus yog ib lub phij xab nyiaj thib ob, uas tseem muaj cov ntoo ntawm tus Ntoo Khaublig ntoo, uas hnyav rau caum tsib lub pob zeb kub.

Hnub no, tsis muaj lub phij xab nrog lub thaj neeb tau khaws cia hnub no.

Ntawm tus nqi ntawm Archbishop Ignatius ntawm Olonets, uas tau nqis peev tsib txhiab rubles hauv Monastery of the Cross, lub pob zeb marble tau tsim nyob ib ncig ntawm cov lus piav qhia hauv xyoo 1843. Ib qho kev sau ntawv tau ua rau ntawm nws daim teb liab, qhov twg lub npe ntawm tus neeg pub nyiaj tau hais. Daim duab ntawm lub reliquary tseem nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab icon.

Kev hwm ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe

Lub relic tau fav xeeb heev ntawm cov tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev txhab nyiaj ntawm Patriarch Nikon muaj ib tug nkag mus rau 1658. Nws hais txog ob tug loj icons pleev xim rau "mus rau ib tug loj cypress ntoo khaub lig". Ib tug ntawm lawv piav txog qhov sib npaug-rau-tus-thwj tim Tsar Konstantin, ib sab ntawm nws yog Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, ua ke nrog Patriarch Nikon.

Lwm yam qhia Empress Elena Sib npaug rau cov Thwj Tim ua ke nrog Empress Maria Ilyinichnaya thiab Tsarevich Alexei Alekseevich. Ob leeg tau raug tua los ntawm tus neeg pleev kob icon Ivan S altanov. Nws yog ib tug neeg pleev kob tsev hais plaub nyob rau hauv Alexei Mikhailovich thiab nws successors. Lwm qhov kev hloov pauv tau tsim tom qab.

Lost Relics

Nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Cov abbots ntawm Onega Monastery tau tshaj tawm hauv lawv cov ntawv ceeb toom tias ib feem ntawm cov relics tau ploj lawm. Piv txwv li. Xyoo 1876, Archimandrite Nectarios tau taw qhia qhov tsis muaj relics ntawm Great Martyr Procopius thiab tus Yaj Saub Daniel.

Nwsqhia tias, feem ntau yuav, lawv tau ploj thaum tus ntoo khaub lig dawb huv tau pauv mus raws txoj kev tsis yooj yim ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thaum lub sij hawm ntxeem tau ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1854, cov neeg Askiv tau los ze rau Solovetsky Monastery, nrog rau cov khoom plig tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.

Tom qab kaw lub tsev teev ntuj

Lub reliquary yog nyob rau hauv lub Ex altation ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig Cathedral ntawm lub Onega Monastery mus txog rau thaum 1923, thaum lub monastery raug kaw. Ua ntej ntawd, nws tawm ntawm qhov chaw no ib zaug xwb, xyoo 1854, uas tau cuam tshuam nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov neeg Askiv, raws li tau hais los saum toj no.

Xyoo 1930, tus ntoo khaub lig raug xa mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej tiv thaiv kev ntseeg nyob hauv Solovetsky camp, uas yog ib ceg ntawm Arkhangelsk Society of Local Lore. Nws nyob hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Annunciation hauv Solovetsky Monastery.

Xyoo 1939, ua ib feem ntawm kev sau ntawm lub tsev khaws khoom pov tseg, nws raug xa mus rau Moscow, hloov mus rau cov chav tsev khaws khoom ntawm ceg ntawm Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Keeb Kwm, nyob hauv Novodevichy Convent. Los ntawm muaj, nyob rau hauv Lub yim hli ntuj 1991, lub Kiysky ntoo khaub lig raug xa mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj nplooj siab rau St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh. Tam sim no nws muaj rau kev pe hawm. Nws qhov chaw nyob: Moscow, Krapivensky txoj kab, 4.

Ib daim qauv tam sim no, ua rau xyoo 2005, tam sim no nyob hauv Onega Holy Cross Monastery, ntawm Kiy Island.

Relic Transformations

Lub cim tshwj xeeb yog lub cim ntawm kev txuas ntxiv ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv ntau pua xyoo ntawm keeb kwm Palestine. Kiysky ntoo khaub lig nyob rau hauv Moscow tau ntxiv nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov ntsiab lus. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lawv tau txais kev cawmdim ntawm nws ob sab:

• feem ntawm tsob ntoo Ntoo Khaublig;
• pob zeb coj los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm txoj moo zoo;
• ib feem ntawm cov relics dawb huv ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab Eastern Christian ntseeg.

Lub relic yog "overlaid" nrog nyiaj, mica, tawm hauv cov duab ntawm cov hnub so Christian. Nyob rau hauv Kiysky tus ntoo khaub lig nyob rau hauv Krapivniki, rau plaub-taw tes ntsia hlau ntoo tseem txiav mus rau hauv ib tug ntsug tsob ntoo, qhov luaj li cas ntawm 10.5 x 7.5 los ntawm 0.7 cm. Tam sim no ib tug ntawm lawv tau ploj lawm. Lawv tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab me me nrog cov cim ntawm kev ua koob tsheej thiab tshaj tawm txoj moo zoo.

Hnub no, cov tsev teev ntuj embedded nyob rau hauv lub Radonezh Kiysk Cross yog framed los ntawm 16 nyiaj yim-taw hnub qub npog nrog 104 nyiaj daim hlau. Lawv tau engraved depicting lub duav-ntev neeg dawb huv uas nws relics muab tso ncaj qha rau hauv qab lawv nyob rau hauv cov duab plaub.

Cov duab no tau ua los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij Lavxias, raws li cov duab kos duab keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv lub qis crossbar muaj ib tug silver phaj nrog gilding ntawm ib lub duab plaub. Nws qhov ntev yog 25.5 x 18.3 cm.

Ntawm qhov kawg thiab nyob ib puag ncig lub reliquary muaj geometric ornament them nrog nyiaj basma. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Nikon Cross yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Nws tsis muaj analogues hauv Byzantine, Western lossis Lavxias kos duab.

Pab dab tsi pab Kien Hla

Hauv Moscow, koj tuaj yeem tuaj pehawm tus ntoo khaub lig muab txoj sia. Raws li Patriarch Nikon tau sau, txoj kev tshav ntuj yuav muab rau cov neeg uas ua nrog txoj kev ntseeg, los ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm qhov chaw dawb huv no. Qhov ntawd yog, kev hlub tshua thiab kev siab zoo yuav nqis los ntawm tus neeg no. Vajtswv tus uas yuav hloov nws lub siab, coj lawv los ze rau tus uas muaj hwjchim loj kawg nkaus. Thiab kuj, raws li Nikon, kev thov Vajtswv nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub reliquary no yuav pab tau cov neeg uas yuav mus rau qhov chaw dawb huv rau Yeluxalees, Tswv Yexus yuav saib xyuas lawv.

Raws li cov kws ntseeg Vajtswv qhia, kev pe hawm Kiysky Cross pab kho ntau yam mob. Thiab kuj tseem tsim nyog siv nws txoj kev pab thaum muaj xwm txheej nyuaj tshwm sim hauv tib neeg lub neej. Piv txwv li, tej zaum nws yuav yog kev tuag ntawm tus neeg hlub, kev sib cais ntawm tsev neeg, teeb meem txog menyuam yaus, kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov thawj coj. Kev pe hawm lub relics yuav ua rau cov neeg uas tig los rau nws qhov kev nkag siab ntawm lub siab, kev txhawb nqa, kev txhawb nqa ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab lub cev lub zog.