Trinity Cathedral, Pskov - lub cim ntawm kev ntseeg thiab tus tiv thaiv ntawm Lavxias teb sab av

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Qee cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qhia tau tias thawj cov neeg nyob hauv qhov sib txuam ntawm ob tus dej Pskova thiab Velikaya yog pab pawg neeg ntawm Western Finns. Tsis tas li ntawd, thawj qhov chaw nyob ntawm no tau teeb tsa los ntawm Slavic pab pawg neeg ntawm Krivichi. Los ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum, Pskov twb dhau los ua ib lub nroog nrog cov neeg coob ntawm ntau haiv neeg. Cov neeg nyob hauv feem ntau koom nrog kev lag luam thiab khoom siv tes ua.

Qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog, nws lub hauv paus - lub Kremlin (Krom) nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, ntug. Tam sim no nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Kremlin muaj ob qhov keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog, yos rov qab mus rau lub sijhawm sib txawv. Detinets nrog lub tswb pej thuam, veche square thiab Trinity Cathedral thiab lub nroog Dovmont.

Txoj kev xav ntawm ib tug Vajtswv nyob rau hauv tus txiv neej ntawm Leej Txiv, Leej Tub thiab tus Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv lub cim lub Trinity Cathedral. Pskov nrog lub Cathedral thiab lub Kremlin yog ib tug ntawm cov hiob architectural monuments ntawm Russia. Nws qhov loj thiab qhov ntsuas tau zoo kawg nkaus, txawm tias niaj hnub no cov qauv zoo li no tsis tshua muaj tsim.

Keeb kwm ntawm Trinity Cathedral

Trinity Cathedral hauv Pskov yog lub thaj neeb tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho thaj av ntawm Pskov. Lub tsev teev ntuj uas peb pom tam sim no yog lub thib plaub ua rau ntawm qhov chaw no. Thawj yog ua los ntawm ntoo, xav tias nyob rau hauv 857 AD thaum lub sij hawm Princess Olga. Lub tsev teev ntuj sawv mus txog 1137.

Xyoo 1138, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vsevolod-Gabriel tau tsa ib lub pob zeb rau hauv nws qhov chaw, uas, tom qab tus huab tais tuag, nws cov relics tau khaws cia. Tab sis, hmoov tsis, lub tsev teev ntuj tsis tau sawv ntev li ntawd, nws lub tsev teev ntuj tau tawg nyob rau hauv 1363.

Lub tsev teev ntuj thib peb tau tsim tsa hauv xyoo 1365 nyob rau hauv tus kav nroog Paul thiab Ananias, tau fij rau xyoo 1367. Hais txog kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm thawj lub tuam tsev, tsis muaj ntaub ntawv, tab sis qhov thib ob thiab thib peb tuaj yeem txiav txim los ntawm qee lub cim. Lub icon ntawm St. Vsevolod-Gabriel, tuav lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv nws sab laug tes, nyob rau hauv lub Trinity Cathedral ntawm ib sab ntawm lub relics ntawm tus huab tais. Raws nraim tib lub cim yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj Kozmodemyanskaya: lub tuam tsev yog depicted raws li ib tug-domed, ob kab ntawm zakomar yog pom, saum toj no lub thib ob muaj ib tug octahedron, nws depicts ib tug tribune nrog lub qhov rais thiab decorations nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm arches raws cornice., ntawm lub tribune muaj ib lub taub hau thiab ib tug ntoo khaub lig 8-taw tes. Ntawm Sretensky icon, lub tuam tsev twb muaj tsib-domed, ob kab ntawm zakomar, vim lub fact tias lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv qab daus, nws muaj ib tug elongated duab.

Hluav Taws

Thaum muaj hluav taws kub hnyiab hauv Pskov Kremlin xyoo 1609, lub tsev khaws phom phom tau tawg, uas ua rau muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm txhua lub tsev ntawm ob lub embankments. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj nws tus kheej, txhua yam kub hnyiab tawm, tshwj tsis yog cov relics ntawm dawb huv princes Vsevolod thiab Dovmont. Tom qab kho, lub tuam tsev tau sawv mus txog rau xyoo 1682, xyoo ntawd lub nroog Pskov Markell tau pib tsim lub tuam tsev tshiab. Tab sis ua ntej nws ua tiav, sab sauv ntawm lub tuam tsev tau tsoo.

Txuas ntxiv kev tsim kho lub tsev teev ntuj Metropolitan Hilarion hauv xyoo 1691, xyoo 1699 lub tuam tsev raug fij tseg. Lub tsev teev ntuj no yog qhov peb pom. Ob peb zaug lub tuam tsev hlawv, tab sis tau rov qab los rau hauv thiab tawm. Tom qab ntawd, xyoo 1770, cov ntaub pua tsev tau ntxiv rau nws.

Trinity Cathedral, Pskov

Lub tsev teev ntuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib qho tshwj xeeb Lavxias teb sab-Byzantine style. Nws muaj ob tiers, muaj ib tug me ntsis elongated cubic duab, ib tug hipped ru tsev, tsib domes. Sab hnub tuaj muaj peb asps nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib tug semicircle, nrog extensions nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab sab qab teb sab. Lub qab nthab yog nyob rau sab hnub poob, nruab nrog ib lub staircase npog. Nyob rau hauv pem teb hauv qab ntawm lub tuam tsev, lub qhov ntxa ntawm cov princes ntawm Pskov siv nyob rau hauv, tom qab lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Olga tau nruab ntawm no. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1903, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Seraphim ntawm Sarov tau tsa nyob rau ntawd.

Xyoo 1917, tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, lub tsev teev ntuj tau muab rau schismatics. Xyoo 1930, Trinity Cathedral raug kaw thiab muab xa mus rau Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Atheism. Ntau lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Trinity Cathedral tau pauv mus rau Pskov Tsev khaws puav pheej-Reserve, ntau ntawm lawv tseem nyob ntawd.

Txoj kev txhawb siab ntawm Cathedral

Lub hom phiaj ntawm Pskov Orthodox tau pab txhawb lub tsev teev ntuj thaum Lub Yim Hli 1941. Ua ntej, lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog tau muab tso rau hauv kev txiav txim, txhua qhov chaw muaj ib qho kev thuam ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tiv thaiv kev ntseeg. Txhua qhov seem raug muab pov tseg ntawm qhov ntxa, txhua yam yuav tsum tau tshawb nrhiav, coj mus rau hauv daim ntawv kom raug thiab rov qab mus rau lawv qhov chaw. Lub nroog lub tsev khaws puav pheej pub dawb rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj, cov khoom dawb ceev, cov cim, ntawm lawv lub cim ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vsevolod. Nyob ntawmlub tswb nrov rov qab lub tswb. Lub Cathedral ntawm Pskov diocese tau rov qab tau nws lub koob meej qub. Lawv kuj coj lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Tikhvin Niam ntawm Vajtswv mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj.

Kev Sawv Rov Los

Yog li, xyoo 1941, Trinity Cathedral tau pib ua haujlwm dua. Pskov nrog nws Kremlin yog ib tug tshwj xeeb monument ntawm Russia. Nws cov architecture tseem tsis tau succumbed rau ntawm Western influences.

Peb lub cim txuj ci tseem ceeb tau khaws cia hauv Trinity Cathedral. Ntawm cov no, nws tsim nyog hais txog lub cim ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv Olga, pleev xim los ntawm Alipy, Archimandrite ntawm Pskov-Pechora Monastery. Lwm cov cim ntawm Trinity Cathedral kuj yog qhov tshwj xeeb.

Pskov nrog nws cov neeg nyob hauv thiab cov thawj coj hauv tsev teev ntuj hloov kho lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Seraphim ntawm Sarov rau ntau txhiab xyoo ntawm kev cai raus dej ntawm Russia. Nws tau nruab nrog lub iconostasis, lub thaj thiab lub zwm txwv. Cov plag tsev tau rov ua dua thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj tau rov qab los.

Iconostasis

Rau sab xis ntawm lub rooj vag muaj koob muaj npe yog lub cim "Tus Cawm Seej Tsis Ua Los Ntawm Tes", sab laug yog lub cim "Cov lus ntawm nqaij tawv yog". Cov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm deesis suav nrog cov cim ntawm cov thawj coj ntawm Pskov Dovmont-Timofei thiab Vsevolod-Gabriel. Lub iconostasis xaus nrog lub cim ntawm Peb Poj Niam ntawm Lub Cim. Ntawm lub rooj vag nws tus kheej, ntawm sab xis, yog lub cim ntawm Seraphim ntawm Sarov, nyob rau sab laug - Nikandr ntawm Pskov. Ob tug ntseeg tau siv sijhawm ntau xyoo hauv kev thov Vajtswv thiab nyob ntsiag to, uas lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm Vajtswv txoj kev tshav ntuj thiab tus Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv, thiab tau qhuas tus Tswv nrog kev ua txuj ci tseem ceeb.

Cov cim tau pleev xim los ntawm Archimandrite Zinon. Lawv zoo ib yam li kev thov Vajtswv, zoo li txoj hlua nyias nyias, nce mus rau Vajtswv. Raws li nws qhov project, nws tau muab tso ua keiconostasis ntawm Trinity Cathedral. Pskov suav nrog Trinity Cathedral nyob rau hauv qeb ntawm monuments ntawm republican tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv lub xeev kev tiv thaiv.

Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Loj Loj, cov neeg German tau teeb tsa qhov chaw tua hluav taws ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Kremlin. Thaum sib ntaus sib tua, Trinity Cathedral kuj puas lawm.

Pskov tau ntau pua xyoo tiv thaiv ciam teb ntawm Russia, tsis pub Lithuanian, Livonian cov tub rog los txeeb peb lub tebchaws. Lub Trinity Cathedral tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm kev ntseeg uas pab tiv thaiv cov neeg tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Russia.