Suzdal, Intercession Monastery: keeb kwm, piav qhia, nthuav tseeb

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Suzdal, Intercession Monastery: keeb kwm, piav qhia, nthuav tseeb
Suzdal, Intercession Monastery: keeb kwm, piav qhia, nthuav tseeb

Video: Suzdal, Intercession Monastery: keeb kwm, piav qhia, nthuav tseeb

Video: Suzdal, Intercession Monastery: keeb kwm, piav qhia, nthuav tseeb
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Ntawm dhau ntawm ciam teb ntawm peb lub tebchaws, lub nroog qub tebchaws Lavxias ntawm Suzdal muaj npe nrov rau nws qhov chaw keeb kwm. Txhua lub monument nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tuaj yeem raug hu ua tus masterpiece ntawm tsis tsuas yog Lavxias teb sab tab sis kuj lub ntiaj teb architecture yam tsis muaj exaggeration.

Hnub no peb xav caw koj mus ncig ua si virtual ntawm Suzdal. Intercession Monastery yog qhov txaus siab rau cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi, yog li peb yuav mus xyuas lub tsev teev ntuj no.

Suzdal Pokrovsky monastery
Suzdal Pokrovsky monastery

Qhov chaw

Lub tsev teev ntuj nyob ntawm ntug dej ntawm tus dej zoo nkauj Kamenka, uas nqa nws cov dej raws Suzdal. Daus-dawb vaj tsev, nyob rau ntawm ib lub paj paj, muab lub tsev teev ntuj ib yam ntawm unrealistic, zoo heev saib. Yog lawm, thiab Kamenka nws tus kheej yog tus dej zoo nkauj heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau lub Rau Hli, thaum nws tau them nrog paj dej lilies. Peb qhia rau txhua tus neeg uas npaj yuav mus xyuas Intercession Monastery (Suzdal), qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj: st. Pokrovskaya, 76.

Pokrovsky Monastery Suzdal chaw nyob
Pokrovsky Monastery Suzdal chaw nyob

History of the monastery

Cov phab ntsa ntawm cov qauv qub no tuav ntau yam zais cia thiab nthuav qhov tseeb,uas tseem muaj kev txaus siab rau historians thiab cov kws tshawb fawb. Qhov tseeb yog tias Intercession Convent tsis yog lub tsev teev ntuj hauv qhov kev nkag siab ib txwm ntawm lo lus: cov poj niam ntawm cov chav kawm sab saud tau ua hauj lwm rau lub neej mus ntev ntawm no. Feem ntau lawv raug ntiab tawm ntawm no tsis yog rau qee qhov kev txhaum loj, tab sis tsuas yog vim muaj ib tus neeg xav tau tshem tawm lawv. yuam cov nuns thaum lawv lub neej nyob rau hauv cov ntoo ntoo, lawv txoj hmoo yog qhov kev txiav txim siab ua ntej, yog li lub tsev teev ntuj muaj qhov chaw nyob hauv av, qhov uas tsis muaj hmoo xaus lawv txoj kev taug hauv ntiaj teb.

refectory nyob rau hauv lub Pokrovsky Monastery ntawm Suzdal
refectory nyob rau hauv lub Pokrovsky Monastery ntawm Suzdal

Nws ntseeg tias Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv Intercession Monastery (Suzdal) tshuav nws qhov tsos rau qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb. Raws li cov lus dab neeg thaum ub, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Andrei Konstantinovich tau rov qab los rau nws lub nroog qub los ntawm Nizhny Novgorod thaum muaj cua daj cua dub ntawm lub zog tsis tau muaj dua. Tus tub huabtais tau cog lus tias yog nws ciaj sia, nws yeej yuav tsim lub tsev teev ntuj hauv nws lub nroog. Nws yuav tsum tau xav tias txoj kev taug kev tau tiav tiav, txij li thaum xyoo 1364 lub Pokrovsky Monastery (Suzdal) tau pib ua hauv thaj av qis ntawm Kamenka River. Keeb kwm ntawm lub monastery hnub rov qab mus rau 1364.

Lub Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv Intercession Convent (Suzdal) tau mus txog qhov kawg thaum lub sijhawm kav Vasily III. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, nws tau pub nyiaj ntau heev rau lub tsev teev ntuj, uas tau siv los tsim lub Rooj vag Dawb Huv thiab Kev Sib Tham Cathedral uas tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, nrog rau lub laj kab thiab cov hlwb uas tsis muaj sia nyob.

Ntxhais neeg vwm

Ib tug thawj neeg raug kaw hauv lub tsev teev ntuj yog tus poj niam ntawm Basil III SolomoniaSaburova - Grand Duchess. Nyob rau hauv 1525, Vasily III liam nws tus poj niam, uas nws tau nyob rau nees nkaum xyoo, ntawm infertility. Nws yuam kom nws ua ib tug txiv plig thiab xa nws mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj Intercession. Nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, kev sib nrauj tsis tau hnov dua, thiab thiaj li tau txais kev tso cai los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm ntawm sab ntsuj plig rau lwm txoj kev sib yuav, Vasily III tau faib nyiaj ntau rau kev txhim kho lub tuam tsev.

Refectory ntawm Pokrovsky Monastery ntawm Suzdal
Refectory ntawm Pokrovsky Monastery ntawm Suzdal

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev nws tau pom tseeb tias Basil III qhov kev iab liam ntawm kev xeeb tub yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Ob peb lub hlis dhau los tom qab lub tonsure, thiab Solomonia muaj ib tug tub, tab sis, ntshai intrigues ntawm tus tshiab tus poj niam ntawm nws ex-tus txiv Elena Glinskaya (lub neej yav tom ntej leej niam ntawm Tsar Ivan lub txaus ntshai), nws raug yuam kom tshaj tawm txoj kev tuag ntawm tus huab tais..

Muaj ib qho uas Solomonia xa tus menyuam mus rau Crimean Khan, uas tom qab ntawd ua lub luag haujlwm hauv keeb kwm, ua tus neeg nyiag khoom Kudeyar. Tom qab nws tau tonsured, Solomonia tau txais lub npe Sophia, tom qab nws tuag nws twb canonized los ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj raws li St. Sophia ntawm Suzdal. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau raug suav hais tias yog tus saib xyuas ntawm Suzdal.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj

Nyob rau xyoo 1551, thaum tus ntxhais uas muaj hnub nyoog ib xyoos ntawm Ivan the Terrible tuag, los ntawm nws txoj cai lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Ntseeg tau rov tsim kho dua, uas tau hloov pauv qhov ploj zuj zus los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd cov qauv ntoo (XIV xyoo pua). Lub apse tau ntxiv rau nws ntau tom qab (XVII caug xyoo). Nyob ib ncig ntawm tib lub sijhawm, chav ua noj tau tshwm sim ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj thiab kev tsim lub laj kab, uas tau pib nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, txuas ntxiv mus.

Suzdal, Intercession Monastery nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX

Zoo ntau qhov chaw pe hawm hauv tebchaws Russia,lub monastery raug kaw thiab nyiag nyob rau hauv 1923. Txij li thaum xyoo 1933, muaj lub chaw kuaj tub rog lom neeg, Lub Hom Phiaj Tshwj Xeeb ntawm OGPU - lub koom haum uas cov neeg raug kaw ua haujlwm. Lawv tau ntsib cov kws tshaj lij ntawm ntau yam tshwj xeeb. Txhua tus ntawm lawv tau koom nrog kev tsim cov riam phom lom neeg. Xyoo 1935, cov neeg raug kaw B. Ya. Elbert thiab N. A. Gaisky tau tsim tshuaj tiv thaiv tularemia ntawm no. Lub chaw kuaj mob tau ua haujlwm ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj txog 1936.

Nyob rau xyoo pua xyoo dhau los, kev kho dua tshiab tau ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, thiab tom qab ntawd cov tsev khaws puav pheej nthuav tawm hauv lawv. Nyob rau hauv lub lig eighties, ib tug neeg mus ncig tebchaws complex nyob rau hauv no, uas muaj ib tug tsev noj mov thiab ib tug bar, thiab ib tug concert Hall nyob rau hauv lub zoo kawg li Pokrovsky Cathedral. Ib lub tsev so rau cov neeg ncig tebchaws tau tshwm sim ntawm no, tab sis peb yuav tham me ntsis tom qab.

Nyob rau xyoo cuaj caum, kev hloov pauv hauv lub tebchaws kuj cuam tshuam rau lub nroog Suzdal. Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Intercession tau rov qab mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj hauv xyoo 1992, thiab lub neej sedate monastic tau rov kho dua hauv nws. Niaj hnub no nws yog ib tug ua hauj lwm monastery. Nws muaj ib lub tsev teev ntuj, lub tsev sab nrauv, lub tsev noj mov, lub tsev pheeb suab.

Architecture

thawj lub tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog ntoo. Niaj hnub no koj tuaj yeem pom cov tsev tom qab, uas cov kws tshaj lij ntaus nqi rau xyoo pua 16th. Cov phab ntsa dawb-pob zeb, zoo nkauj architecture, combining ob lub qub Lavxias teb sab thiab Western European ntsiab, sophisticated décor.

Pokrovsky Cathedral ntawm Pokrovsky Monastery nyob rau hauv Suzdal
Pokrovsky Cathedral ntawm Pokrovsky Monastery nyob rau hauv Suzdal

Tab sis, tau kawg, lub hauv paus monument ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus pawg yogPokrovsky Cathedral ntawm Intercession Monastery nyob rau hauv Suzdal. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1518 ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntoo. Hmoov tsis zoo, cov npe ntawm cov tswv tsis tau khaws cia hauv keeb kwm. Qhov no yog ib lub tsev plaub-ncej loj uas muaj lub hauv paus siab thiab ib puag ncig los ntawm ob-zaj dab neeg qhib rau ntawm peb sab, uas muaj ob lub staircases coj mus.

Los ntawm tus dej mus rau lub tsev txuas nrog lub thaj ib feem nrog lub qhov rais siab nyob rau hauv tob niches. Cov apses yog sib cais los ntawm cov kab du thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov cornices zoo nkauj. Nws yog rov ua dua nyob rau hauv kev tsim lub teeb nruas, uas yog crowned nrog kaus mom hlau-zoo li tus cupolas. Cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau muab faib ua peb ntu los ntawm lub xub pwg hniav. Lawv xaus nrog yoov tshaj cum.

Sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nruj heev: tsis muaj cov duab kos duab ntawm cov phab ntsa dawb, hauv pem teb yog cov vuas dub. Lub ntsiab kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm sab hauv yeej ib txwm zoo kawg nkaus icons thiab exquisite artistic paj ntaub. Qee cov khoom pov thawj no tuaj yeem pom niaj hnub no hauv tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub tsev teev ntuj tau raug tsim kho ntau zaus dhau los ntawm nws keeb kwm ntev, tab sis xyoo 1962 nws qhov zoo li qub tau rov qab los.

Npaj qhov tseeb

  1. Lub tsev teev ntuj tau dhau los ua qhov chaw faus rau ntau tus nuns ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj.
  2. Lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lub tuam tsev thaum lub sij hawm ua kev zoo siab ntawm tercentenary ntawm Romanov dynasty tau mus xyuas los ntawm Nicholas II.
  3. Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1994, Archbishop Evlogii ntawm Suzdal thiab Vladimir tau fij lub Cathedral ntawm Intercession ntawm Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd, muaj plaub-tiered iconostasis tshiab tau teeb tsa ntawm no, uas yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov cim pleev xim los ntawm nuns.

Belfry

Lub tsev no pom tam sim rau txhua tus neeg uas tuaj txogSuzdal. Pokrovsky Monastery muaj lub tswb nrov zoo nkauj heev. Nws nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Nws qhov qis dua yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj zoo li tus ncej tsim hauv xyoo 1515. Nws yog ib tug octagon crowned nrog ib tug cupola. Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, ib tug arched tier twb ua nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, uas yog ua ke nrog ib tug nyob ze laj kab thiab ib lub tsev pheeb suab siab, decorated nrog peb kab ntawm framed dormer windows.

Suzdal Pokrovsky monastery
Suzdal Pokrovsky monastery

Cov chaw npog uas txuas lub tswb pej thuam thiab lub tsev teev ntuj yog qhov txawv los ntawm nws cov décor sophisticated: ob qhov qub arched qhib yog ennobled nrog rustication, thiab lub qhov rais, framed los ntawm elegant architraves, yog sib cais los ntawm rusticated pilasters.

Lub Rooj vag Dawb Huv

Lwm yam qub txeeg qub teg ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog lub Rooj vag Dawb Huv thiab lub rooj vag lub tsev teev ntuj. Cov qauv no tseem muaj hnub rov qab mus rau 1515. Cov rooj vag yog qhov tshwj xeeb, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, los ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau lawv: tib lub sijhawm lawv tau ua lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lub fortress muaj zog ntauwd.

Lub tsev teev ntuj peb lub taub hau yog nyob rau sab sauv ntawm lub quadrangle, uas tau txiav los ntawm ob qhov qhib qhib, thiab tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb heev ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm Intercession Cathedral. Nyob rau ntawm lub ces kaum ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ob tug me me aisles, uas yog crowned nrog lub teeb nruas nrog kaus mom hlau-zoo li tus domes, thiab lub hauv paus, ntau loj nruas nrog nqaim qhov rais nyob rau ob tiers ntawm zakomar.

Holy Protection Convent Suzdal
Holy Protection Convent Suzdal

Cov phab ntsa sab nrauv yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov khoom zoo nkauj uas zoo li cov ntoo carvings. Lub rooj vag lub tsev teev ntuj kuj tau tsim kho ntau zaus, tab sis xyoo 1958 cov haujlwm kho dua tshiab, tau ua raws li qhov project A. D. Varganov, rov qab qhov qub tsos ntawm lub cim monument.

Refectory ntawm Intercession Monastery (Suzdal)

Lub tsev no, nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm Pokrovsky Cathedral, muaj ntau yam zoo sib xws nrog Polish dua nrog Lavxias teb sab architecture. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1551. Lub tsev teev ntuj me me ntawm Kev Ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub tsev ob-zaj dab neeg nruj heev ntawm lub refectory, uas tuaj yeem lees paub los ntawm lub khob me me. Lub tsev pheeb suab loj loj ntawm lub tsev refectory, nyob rau hauv pem teb thib ob, tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm tus ncej sawv hauv qhov chaw.

Holy Protection Monastery Suzdal
Holy Protection Monastery Suzdal

Cov hauv qab qis tau tshwj tseg rau chav siv hluav taws xob. Tsuas yog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tsev no tuaj yeem hu ua ib qho ornament nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm rhombuses ua los ntawm liab cib, enveloping tag nrho perimeter ntawm lub tsev. Sab hnub poob yog hexagonal belfry.

Lub chaw kho mob hauv Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Intercession (Suzdal) tau siv los nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm ntau lub tsev tsim tawm. Lub chav ua noj ib-zaj dab neeg, uas tau siv los ua noj, tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 17th. Niaj hnub no nws tau rov qab los thiab yog ib qho piv txwv tsis tshua muaj ntawm monastic architecture.

Privacy hut

Nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, ib lub monument ntawm pej xeem Lavxias teb sab architecture tau raug khaws cia - Order lub tsev pheeb suab. Nws lub xyoo pua 18th sab hauv tau rov qab los rau xyoo 1970. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov taub ntawm lub tsev no yog lub thiaj li hu ua pob zeb hnab. Nws muaj cov neeg raug kaw hauv lub tsev teev ntuj.

Pokrovsky Convent Suzdal
Pokrovsky Convent Suzdal

Fence

thawj lub laj kab zeb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 16th, tom qab ntawd nwsrov tsim dua, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX AD Varganov rov qab los. Ib ntu ntawm lub laj kab qub nrog cov yees, tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo nkauj, hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo pua 17th. Nws nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm thaj chaw thiab tsim ib lub tshav puam me me. Cov yees (XVIII caug xyoo), dai kom zoo nkauj nrog hemispherical domes, zoo nkauj heev. Cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias, tej zaum, thaum xub thawj lawv kuj muaj lub tsev pheeb suab zoo li ua tiav.

Pokrovsky Monastery Suzdal keeb kwm
Pokrovsky Monastery Suzdal keeb kwm

Pokrovskaya Hotel

Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws cov neeg ncig tebchaws qhuas Suzdal thaum ub. Intercession Monastery muaj nyob rau hauv cov kev pab cuam ntawm yuav luag tag nrho cov excursion programs. Ntau tus neeg taug kev xav tsis thoob thaum pom cov tsev ntoo zoo nkauj ntawm qhov nkag mus rau lub tuam tsev.

Suzdal Pokrovsky monastery
Suzdal Pokrovsky monastery

Qhov tseeb yog tias nyob rau lub sijhawm dashing ntawm perestroika, Pokrovskaya Hotel nyob hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, uas yog lub tsev pheeb suab stylized. Lawv nrov heev nrog cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi. Xyoo 2008, lub tsev so nres nws txoj haujlwm, thiab nws cov tswv tau pub cov tsev rau lub tsev teev ntuj. Tam sim no muaj ib lub tsev menyuam ntsuag rau cov ntxhais, nrog rau cov monastic cells.

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