Alexander S altykov: txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev ntseeg

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Alexander S altykov yog ib tus tsim ntawm St. Tikhon Orthodox University rau Tib Neeg. Nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm Kws Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm tib lub tsev kawm ntawv, yog tus tswv cuab ntawm Union of Artists of Russia.

Yug hauv Moscow hnub tom qab kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Kev Ntseeg Vaj Tswv - Lub Yim Hli 29, 1941. Nws txiv Alexander Borisovich yog ib tug nto moo kos duab critic. Nws tsev neeg yog ancient heev, originating nyob rau hauv lub lig XII - thaum ntxov XIII centuries. Cov S altykovs yog cov xeeb ntxwv ntawm S altykov boyars.

Alexander tau mus kawm 59 lub tsev kawm ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus thiab kawm tiav hauv Moscow State University nrog kev kawm tiav hauv Keeb Kwm Keeb Kwm. Tom qab kawm tiav nws txoj kev kawm, nws tau ua haujlwm hauv Tsev khaws puav pheej. Andrei Rublev, qhov chaw nws tseem ua haujlwm. Rau 12 xyoo (1980-1992) nws tau qhia hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, theem nrab thiab siab dua, Orthodox cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv Moscow.

Tom qab ntawd nws so haujlwm los ntawm kev qhia, thaum nws koom nrog kev tsim cov kev kawm hauv tsev kawm theem qis Orthodox lub Koom Txoos. Nws yog los ntawm lawv tias lub koom haum Orthodox tau tsim tom qab, uas tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau Orthodox St. Tikhon Theological University (PSTBGU).

Ua ib tug pov thawj ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv 1984. Txij li thaum 1993, nws tau ua tus rector ntawm Kadashi Lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm Tswv Yexus thiab tus tiv thaiv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam - lub tuam tsev complex-monument nyob rau hauv Kadashi.

Kev xav rau kev nom kev tswv

Archpriest Alexander yog ib tug staunch anti-communist. Nws ntseeg hais tias cov communist thiab communist sympathizers yuav tsum anthematized, vim Ulyanov-Lenin yog ib tug theomachist thiab tsim txom pawg ntseeg, thiab communist pom zoo thiab siv Lenin cov lus qhuab qhia, kev ua thiab kev xav. Txawm Patriarch Tikhon anathematized cov neeg tsim txom ntawm pawg ntseeg.

Princely ancient S altykov tsev neeg

Alexander Nikolaevich yug rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 27, 1775, hauv tsev neeg ntawm "parquet", uas yog, lub txee, Field Marshal Nikolai Ivanovich S altykov. Niam, Nee Dolgorukova Natalya Vladimirovna, yug nyob rau hauv 1737 thiab tuag nyob rau hauv 1812. Nws yog tus tub thib ob.

Tam sim no los ntawm kev yug los ntawm Alexander, nws tau raug xa mus rau Preobrazhensky Regiment nrog rau qib ntawm cov tub ceev xwm tsis yog tub ceev xwm. Tom qab ntawd nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Semyonovsky regiment raws li ib tug thib ob lieutenant, sawv mus rau qib ntawm chamber junker, ces mus rau ib tug tiag tiag chamberlain. Tom qab 2 xyoos ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, nws tau los ua tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws. Tom qab hloov ob peb lub luag haujlwm ntxiv, nws tau raug xaiv los ua ib tus phooj ywg (tus lwm thawj) ntawm Ministry of Foreign Affairs ntawm lub xeev Lavxias.

Lub Plaub Hlis 1801, nws tau thov nws txhais tes thiab lub siab rau Natalya Yuryevna Golovkina (1787-1860), uas yog tus ntxhais thiab txais txiaj ntsig ntawm Count Yu A. Golovkin. Natalya Yurievna coj ob lub npe - S altykova-Golovkina. Lawv muaj 6 tus menyuam: 4 tus ntxhais - Elena (1802-1828);Catherine (1803-1852); Sophia (1806-1841); Maria (1807-1845) thiab 2 tug tub: Yuri (d. 1841), Alexei (1826-1874) - yawm txiv ntawm Alexander S altykov.

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1812, nws tau tso siab rau kev sib koom tes ntawm Collegium thiab Ministry Foreign Affairs. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, nws tau tawm ntawm nws tus kheej lub siab nyiam thiab raug tshem tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Txawv Tebchaws. Thiab nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1817 nws tau tso tseg nws txoj haujlwm hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Cov so haujlwm vim kev noj qab haus huv thiab tuag thaum Lub Ib Hlis 1837.

Rector

Ntawm no yog ib tug zoo kawg nkaus pedigree ntawm Alexander S altykov. Leej Txiv Alexander, tau txais qib ntawm tus pov thawj hwj, tau raug tsa rau Zamoskvorechye, mus rau Kadashi, qhov chaw nws ua hauj lwm ua tus rector ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Kev Sawv Rov Los ntawm Khetos. Lub tuam tsev yog ancient, nws tau tsim nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua XIV los ntawm ntoo, txawm li cas los xij, nws nyob rau sab qab teb me ntsis ntawm qhov uas twb muaj lawm. Tam sim no, ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev qub, muaj ib lub tsev teev ntuj me me ntawm Yauj ntawm Pochaevsky.

Lub Koom Txoos Kav Tos Liv tam sim no zoo siab nrog nws qhov kev faib ua feem thiab kev kho kom zoo nkauj nplua nuj. Ntau zaus nws tau rov qab los thiab pleev xim los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo. Tom qab kev hloov pauv ntawm xyoo 1917, lub tuam tsev tau raug puas tsuaj, thiab tsuas yog xyoo 1958, kev kho dua tshiab pib maj mam.

Hauv xyoo 1992, cov zej zog tau tsim thiab sau npe, thiab xyoo 1993 Txiv Plig Alexander S altykov tau los ua nws tus kws kho mob. Kev pabcuam Vajtswv tau pib ntau tom qab, tsuas yog xyoo 2006, thawj zaug hauv pawg ntseeg sab saud, thiab tom qab ntawd hauv qis dua. Nyob ze yog tus kws txiav txim plaub lub tsev, uas lawv xav rhuav tshem, tab sis cov Slobozhans, coj los ntawm tus rector, tau sawv thiab tiv thaiv nws, txawm hais tias cov neeg rhuav tshem tau tswj hwm nws me ntsis.

Tom qab kev kho dua tshiab ntawm nws thiab lub tsev nyob sib ze, tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, lub tsev khaws puav pheej Kadashevskaya Sloboda tau tsim los ntawm parishioners nrog kev pab los ntawm tus rector. Nws muaj ntau dua 3,000 yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig pom los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm yav dhau los thaum khawb thiab pub dawb los ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv zos. Nov yog cov kev nyeem nto moo Kadashev ntawm cov zej zog ntawm Orthodox kab lis kev cai, chav kawm nrog cov menyuam kawm ntawv hauv kev kos duab thiab khoom siv tes ua haujlwm, kev mus ncig, kev qhuab qhia.

kab lis kev cai, kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev tshawb fawb cuab yeej cuab tam

Archpriest S altykov tau sau thiab luam tawm 2 phau ntawv txog keeb kwm ntawm pawg ntseeg nyob rau xyoo 19th - thaum ntxov 20th centuries; ib phau ntawv hais txog kev kos duab ntawm Ancient Russia, ib phau ntawv hais txog Tsev khaws puav pheej. A. Rubleva. Ntau cov ntawv sau, cov lus qhuab qhia thiab cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj keeb kwm ntawm Ancient Russia, nrog rau cov duab kos duab Lavxias teb sab, tau luam tawm. Nws muab kev xam phaj hauv xov tooj cua "Radonezh", nyeem cov lus qhuab qhia "Eternity nyob rau hauv pob zeb, los yog vim li cas Moscow raug puas tsuaj", "Kadashi: nyiaj ntsuab los yog nyob mus ib txhis?" e.

Archpriest Alexander S altykov txhawb lub zog "Nyob, me nyuam!" thiab tau thov kom Russia txwv tsis pub rho menyuam.

Nyob rau hauv nws cov lus qhuab qhia, nws hais txog lub tsev teev ntuj canons ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj icon painting, tham nrog lwm cov thawj coj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj txog kev tiv thaiv Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai los ntawm Western influence, hais tias yog cov neeg Lavxias xav tau kab lis kev cai, lawv yuav tsum tiv thaiv nws.