Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov): biography

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Lub npe ntawm Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) yog tas li riveted rau cov xim ntawm Lavxias teb sab xovxwm. Qee tus xav tias nws yuav luag "grey eminence", hais tias nws lub siab nyiam rau Vladimir Putin, lwm tus ntseeg tias kev sib txuas lus tas li nrog Patriarch ntawm Moscow thiab Tag nrho Russia Kirill, ib tug txawj xav Orthodox lees txim, yog txaus rau Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Txawm li cas los xij, rov qab mus rau lub npe ntawm Orthodox preacher Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov), Kuv xav kom nco ntsoov tias qhov no yog ib tug neeg txawj ntse thiab txawj ntse heev uas niaj hnub xav tias muaj lub luag haujlwm rau txoj hmoo ntawm nws haiv neeg thiab Fatherland, ib tug txiv plig uas tau ua lub luag haujlwm loj heev rau Vajtswv.

History of monasticism

Christian monasticism yog ib lub neej nyob hauv zej zog uas pib txij lub sijhawm thaum tus neeg yeem tso tseg txhua yam khoom hauv ntiaj teb no thiab pib ua neej nyob raws li qee yam kev cai, qhov chaw cog lus ntawm kev coj dawb huv, kev coj ncaj ncees thiab tag nrho.obedience.

Thawj tug ntseeg Vajtswv yog St. Anthony the Great, uas nyob hauv tebchaws Iziv thaum ub xyoo 356 BC. e. Nws tsis yog ib tug neeg pluag, tab sis nws muag tag nrho nws tej khoom thiab faib nyiaj rau cov neeg pluag. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws tau nyob tsis deb ntawm nws lub tsev thiab pib ua lub neej nyob hauv tsev, siv sijhawm txhua lub sijhawm hauv kev thov Vajtswv thiab nyeem Vajluskub. Qhov no yog ib qho piv txwv rau lwm cov hermits uas pib nyob hauv lawv lub hlwb nyob ze nws. Lub sijhawm dhau los, cov zej zog zoo li no tau pib tshwm sim hauv yuav luag tag nrho ntawm Central thiab Northern Egypt.

Kev tshwm sim ntawm monasticism hauv Russia

Nyob rau hauv Russia, cov tsos ntawm monasteries yog txuam nrog rau xyoo 988, lub sij hawm ntawm kev cai raus dej ntawm Russia. Spassky Monastery tau tsim los ntawm Greek cov hauj lwm nyob ze ntawm lub nroog Vyshgorod. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Saint Anthony coj Athos monasticism mus rau Ancient Russia thiab tau los ua tus tsim ntawm Kiev-Pechersk Lavra nto moo, uas tom qab ntawd los ua qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov kev cai dab qhuas lub neej nyob rau hauv Russia. Tam sim no St. Anthony Pechersky tau hwm los ua "tus thawj coj ntawm txhua pawg ntseeg Lavxias."

Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov). Biography. Txoj kev mus rau monasticism

Ua ntej ua ib tug hauj sam, nws yog Grigory Aleksandrovich Shevkunov. Lub neej yav tom ntej archimandrite tau yug los rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm kws kho mob hauv Moscow thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1958. Raws li ib tug neeg laus, nws nkag mus rau VGIK ntawm qhov screenwriting thiab zaj duab xis kawm department, uas nws kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1982. Tom qab kawm tiav los ntawm lub koom haum, nws tau los ua ib tug novice ntawm Dawb Huv Dormition Pskov-Caves Monastery, qhov twg tom qab ntawm nws txoj hmoo yog feem ntau decisively cuam tshuam los ntawm ascetic hauj sam thiab, ntawm chav kawm,tus neeg siab zoo thiab dawb huv tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, Archimandrite John (Krestyankin).

Xyoo 1986, Grigory pib nws txoj haujlwm nrog kev ua haujlwm hauv chav haujlwm ntawm Moscow Patriarchate Publishing House, coj los ntawm Metropolitan Pitirim (Nechaev). Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub xyoo no uas nws ua hauj lwm rau kev kawm ntawm tag nrho cov keeb kwm tseeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm Christian Orthodoxy thiab lub neej ntawm cov neeg dawb huv. Rau ntau txhiab xyoo ntawm Kev Cai Raus Dej ntawm Russia, Gregory tau npaj ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev kawm, qhov chaw uas nws tus kheej tau ua ob qho tib si ua tus sau thiab ua tus kws pab tswv yim. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv atheistic lub neej ntawm Soviet pej xeem, ib tug tshiab puag ncig tau txais lub zog, ua rau kom paub txog qhov tseeb canons ntawm Christian Orthodoxy. Thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, yav tom ntej archimandrite tau luam tawm Ancient Patericon thiab lwm phau ntawv patristic.

Acceptance of monasticism

Thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1991, Grigory Shevkunov tau cog lus monastic ntawm Donskoy Monastery hauv Moscow, qhov chaw nws tau hu ua Tikhon. Thaum nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub monastery, nws koom nyob rau hauv lub uncovering ntawm lub relics ntawm St. Tikhon, uas tau faus nyob rau hauv lub Donskoy Cathedral nyob rau hauv 1925. Thiab tsis ntev nws tau los ua tus rector ntawm lub tshav puam ntawm Pskov-Caves Monastery, nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm ancient Sretensky Monastery nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog sau cia ib qho tshwj xeeb uas Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) muaj: qhov chaw nws ua haujlwm, nws lub hom phiaj tseeb thiab kev ntseeg ruaj khov yeej ib txwm muaj.

Lub neej ntawm archimandrite

Xyoo 1995, tus txiv plig raug tsa los ua tus thawj tswj hwm, thiab xyoo 1998 - mus rau qib ntawm archimandrite. Hauv ib xyoosNws dhau los ua tus rector ntawm Sretensky Higher Orthodox Monastery Tsev Kawm Ntawv, uas tom qab ntawd tau hloov mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv theological. Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) ib txwm hais txog Sretensky Monastery nrog kev hlub thiab kev ris txiaj.

Ntxiv mus, ua ke nrog cov kwv tij los ntawm 1998 txog 2001, nws pheej rov mus xyuas Chechen Republic, qhov chaw nws nqa kev pab tib neeg. Thiab tseem koom nrog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm Lavxias Orthodox Church (ROC) nrog rau lub Koom Txoos Orthodox Sab Nraud ntawm Russia (ROCOR). Los ntawm 2003 mus rau 2006, Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub commission rau kev npaj ntawm kev sib tham thiab kev ua ntawm canonical hloov dua siab tshiab. Tom qab ntawd nws tau txais lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm Patriarchal Council rau Kab lis kev cai thiab dhau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm pawg thawj coj rau kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm Lavxias Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lub tsev khaws puav pheej hauv zej zog.

Nyob rau hauv 2011, Archimandrite Tikhon twb yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Koom Txoos Supreme lub Koom Txoos ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, raws li zoo raws li ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm St. Basil lub Great Charitable Foundation, ib tug kws kawm ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab. Academy ntawm Natural Sciences thiab ib tus tswv cuab tas mus li ntawm Izborsk Club.

Archimandrite muaj ntau lub tsev teev ntuj khoom plig, suav nrog Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Kev Phooj Ywg rau kev khaws cia ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev coj noj coj ua, nthuav qhia rau nws xyoo 2007. Nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim tuaj yeem qhuas. Thiab kev sib tham nrog Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) yeej ib txwm muaj sia nyob, nthuav thiab nkag siab rau txhua tus neeg.

Zaj movie “Tswv Yexus. Pskov-Caves monastery"

Nws tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej txog kev ua haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus thiab tshwj xeeb ntawm nws hom, uas yog hu ua Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj. Pskov-Pechersk monastery. Grigory Shevkunov tau tua cov yeeb yaj kiab no hauv xyoo 1986 nrog lub koob yees duab amateur, thaum nws tseem tsis tau Archimandrite Tikhon, tab sis tsuas yog kawm tiav ntawm VGIK. Tom qab kawm tiav, nws tau mus rau Pskov-Caves Monastery, qhov chaw uas nws tau siv sijhawm 9-xyoo novitiate nrog Txwj Laug Jon (Krestyankin) thiab tom qab ntawd tau cog lus rau monastic.

Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm zaj yeeb yaj kiab yog mob siab rau Pskov-Pechersk Monastery, uas yog lub npe hu rau lub Koom Txoos Lavxias vim tias tau khaws cov kev txwj laus. Qhov no yog tib lub tsev teev ntuj uas tsis tau raug kaw, txawm nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm. Txog thaum xyoo 1930, nws tau nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Estonia, yog li cov Bolsheviks tsis muaj sijhawm los rhuav tshem nws, thiab tom qab ntawd kev ua tsov rog tau tshwm sim. Los ntawm txoj kev, ntau cov txwj laus thiab cov thawj coj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj no nyob rau pem hauv ntej.

Lub neej yav tom ntej Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) tau sau ntau cov duab thiab yeeb yaj kiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub neej monastic ntawm cov kwv tij hauv nws cov ntaub ntawv. Hauv zaj yeeb yaj kiab, nws qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau lub siab lub ntsws, ib qho uas yog ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb tsim los ntawm Vajtswv - qhov tsua uas 14 txhiab tus neeg raug faus thaum lub sijhawm tag nrho lub tsev teev ntuj. Thaum koj nkag mus rau hauv cov qhov tsua no, nws xav tsis thoob tias tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw ntawm kev lwj. Sai li ib tug neeg tuag, tom qab peb hnub no cov ntxhiab tsw tshwm, tab sis tom qab lub cev nqa mus rau hauv lub qhov tsua, nws ploj mus. Qhov tshwm sim no tseem tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem piav qhia, txawm tias cov kws tshawb fawb. Qhov no pom tau tias sab ntsuj plig peculiarity ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj phab ntsa.

Kev Hlub rau Pskov-Pechersk kwv tij

Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Txwj Laug Melchisidek, ib qhoIb qho ntawm feem amazing associates ntawm lub monastery, uas Grigory Shevkunov qhia. Saib rau hauv nws ob lub qhov muag, koj to taub tias qhov no yog ib tug tiag tiag ascetic, confessor thiab thov Vajtswv phau ntawv, uas yog nyob rau hauv tsov rog, ces tuaj rau lub monastery thiab ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug turner. Nws ua lecterns, kivots thiab crosses nrog nws tus kheej txhais tes. Tab sis muaj ib hnub nws tau mob stroke, thiab tus kws kho mob hais tias nws tuag. Tab sis Ioan (Krestyankin), uas yog leej txiv ntawm sab ntsuj plig ntawm tag nrho cov kwv tij thiab hais txog leej twg Archimandrite Tikhon kuj tau sau ntau hauv nws cov dab neeg, pib thov Vajtswv rau Leej Txiv Melchisidek, thiab muaj ib qho txuj ci tseem ceeb tshwm sim. Tom qab ib pliag, tus txiv neej laus los ua txoj sia thiab quaj. Tom qab ntawd, nws txawm coj lub thwj tim nyob rau hauv lub schema thiab pib thov Vajtswv ntau heev.

Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) tom qab ntawd nco qab tias nws ib zaug nug Txwj Laug Melchisidek txog qhov nws tau pom thaum nws tuag. Nws hais tias nws nyob hauv ib lub tiaj nyom ze ntawm lub moat, uas muaj txhua yam uas nws ua nrog nws txhais tes - cov no yog kivots, lecterns thiab crosses. Thiab tom qab ntawd nws xav tias Vajtswv Leej Niam tab tom sawv ntawm nws, nws hais rau nws: "Peb xav tau kev thov Vajtswv thiab kev hloov siab lees txim ntawm koj, thiab qhov no yog qhov koj coj peb los." Tom qab ntawd, tus Tswv coj nws rov qab muaj txoj sia nyob.

Hauv nws daim duab, yav tom ntej Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) kuj qhia txog tus txiv neej laus laus Feofan, uas tseem nyob hauv kev tsov rog thiab poob nws txhais caj npab nyob ntawd. Nws hais tias nws ib txwm ua raws li nws tus thawj coj, tab sis ua Vajtswv tsaug, nws tsis tas yuav tua neeg. Nws muaj ntau yam khoom plig thiab xaj. Tam sim no nws ua siab mos siab muag, ntxim nyiam thiab hlub nws tus kheej.

zaj dab neeg zoo li no hauv lub tuam tsev tsis yogsuav. Thaum koj saib lub neej me me thiab kev ua haujlwm tas mus li ntawm cov hauj sam, txhua yam zoo li tsaus muag thiab tsaus muag, tab sis lawv tus cwj pwm zoo thiab kev txhawj xeeb rau txhua tus neeg, mob lossis noj qab haus huv, hluas lossis laus, tawm tsam. Tom qab ua yeeb yaj kiab, muaj kev sov siab thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb.

Phau Ntawv Tsis Muaj Neeg Ntseeg

Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) tau mob siab rau "Cov Neeg Ntseeg Tsis Ncaj Ncees" rau cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe uas nws yuav tsum nyob thiab sib txuas lus hauv monasteries. Nrog dab tsi kev hlub thiab kev saib xyuas nws sau txog txhua tus, qhib siab, tsis muaj lus dag thiab tsis muaj embellishments, nrog kev lom zem thiab ua siab zoo … Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) piav txog nws tus cob qhia Ion tshwj xeeb tshaj yog touchingly. "Cov Neeg Ntseeg Tsis Ncaj Ncees" muaj ib zaj dab neeg hais txog yuav ua li cas muaj coob tus parishioners tig mus rau tus lees txim rau kev kho ntawm tus ntsuj plig thiab lub cev, thiab rau txhua tus neeg nws yeej ib txwm pom cov lus hais txog kev lees paub, txhawb kev cia siab rau txhua tus, thov ntau tus saib xyuas, thiab ceeb toom. qee qhov kev phom sij. Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, nws tau siv ntau xyoo nyob rau hauv tsev lojcuj thiab exile, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi yuav ua rau nws txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv Vajtswv thiab kev xyiv fab ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Zaj movie "Tuag Tuag Ua Dab Los Tsuas. Byzantine Zaj Lus Qhia"

Documentary zaj duab xis "Kev tuag ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman" Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) mob siab rau 555th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Byzantium thiab Constantinople.

Qhov no tsis yog keeb kwm ntawm lub tebchaws Byzantine medieval xwb, nws muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov teeb meem ntawm Byzantium thiab niaj hnub Russia. Empires tuaj yeem sib txawv, tab sis cov teeb meem feem ntau yog tib yam. Dab tsi tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lub zog thiab kev coj noj coj ua zoo li Byzantium? Raws li nws muab tawm, lub ntsiab thoob ntiaj tebQhov teeb meem yog qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm kev coj noj coj ua tsis tu ncua, tsis muaj kev txuas ntxiv thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub xeev lub hwj chim. Feem ntau cov huab tais hloov pauv tau pib ua raws li lawv txoj cai tshiab, uas feem ntau ua rau cov neeg qaug zog thiab ua rau lub teb chaws kev lag luam tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis, tus sau piav txog nws tsuas yog ci ntsa iab, thiab nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug txuj ci yuav tsum muab credit rau nws. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kuj muaj cov lus qhuab qhia zoo heev los ntawm Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov), uas nws nyeem rau cov tub ntxhais kawm seminarians thiab parishioners.

About Putin

Ua li ntawd, tab sis niaj hnub no, raws li Archimandrite Tikhon, Russia tab tom ntsib nws txoj kev yug dua tshiab, nws tseem yuav tuag, nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau lub tebchaws muaj zog vam meej, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, lub teb chaws ntawm tus ntsuj plig thiab. patriotism.

Ntawm ib sab, nws raug hem los ntawm Islamic kev ua phem tsis tu ncua, ntawm qhov tod tes, ib tus neeg tab tom sim nrog tag nrho lawv lub peev xwm los ua kom tag nrho Asmeskas cov cai nrog lawv tus kheej txoj cai rau nws thiab thoob ntiaj teb.

Archimandrite Tikhon (Shevkunov) hais txog qhov no txog Putin: "Tus uas hlub Russia tiag tiag tsuas yog thov Vajtswv rau Vladimir Vladimirovich, uas tau muab tso rau ntawm lub taub hau ntawm Russia los ntawm Kev Pabcuam ntawm Vajtswv …"