Christmas yog hnub so uas nyiam tshaj plaws, npog nrog lub teeb thiab kev xyiv fab. Nws muaj kev sov siab, kev siab zoo thiab kev hlub uas koj xav muab cov kev xav no nrog rau khoom plig rau cov phooj ywg thiab cov txheeb ze. Tab sis qee zaus nws tshwm sim tias lawv ua kev zoo siab rau qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm ib hnub sib txawv kiag li. Qhov no ua tau li cas? Thaum twg yuav tsum ua kev zoo siab Christmas, thiab dab tsi yog qhov txawv? Wb sim saib seb.
History of the holiday
Txoj moo zoo hais tias: Yexus yug hauv Npelehees, qhov chaw uas Nws niam Maivliag thiab Yauxej tus Neeg Betrothed tau mus koom nrog kev suav pej xeem tshaj tawm. Vim muaj cov neeg tuaj xyuas, tag nrho cov tsev so tau nyob, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau nyob hauv ib lub qhov tsua uas ua lub tsev rau nyuj. Nws yog qhov uas Vajtswv Leej Tub yug los. Ib tug tubtxib saum ntuj coj xov xwm ntawm Nws yug los rau cov neeg yug yaj, uas maj nrawm los pe hawm Nws. Lwm daim chij ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm tus Mexiyas yog lub hnub qub zoo siab ntawm Npelehees, uas ci ntsa iab saum ntuj thiab qhia txoj hauv kev. Magi. Lawv coj khoom plig los rau tus Me Nyuam - tshuaj tsw qab, myrrh thiab kub - thiab qhuas nws ua tus Vajntxwv ntawm cov neeg Yudais.
thawj koob tsheej
Zoo kawg, tsis muaj pov thawj tseeb nyob qhov twg txog thaum Christmas tuaj raws li daim ntawv qhia hnub, uas yog, hnub tim tsis tau qhia. Vim li no, cov Khixatia thaum ub tsis ua kevcai nco txog hnub so. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm hnub nws tus kheej - txij Lub Ib Hlis 6 mus rau 7 - tau yooj yim los ntawm Copts, cov neeg Iyiv cov ntseeg, lawv txoj kev ntseeg Vajtswv, yug, tuag thiab sawv, tau muaj txij li thaum ub. Nws yog los ntawm lawv, los ntawm Alexandria, qhov chaw ntawm kev paub thiab kev tshawb fawb, uas cov kev lig kev cai ntawm kev ua koob tsheej rau cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no tau nthuav mus rau tag nrho cov ntseeg hauv ntiaj teb, thiab thawj zaug tag nrho cov thwjtim ntawm Yexus ua kev zoo siab rau Tswv Yexus thiab Theophany tib lub sijhawm. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua IV, lub Roman faj tim teb chaws tau ncua kev ua koob tsheej nyob rau hauv lub ntees ntawm yug tus Mexiyas mus rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25th. Tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus ua raws li tus piv txwv no, piv txwv li, lub Koom Txoos Armenian tseem ua ncaj ncees rau cov kev cai qub uas ua kev zoo siab rau ob lub hnub so tib lub sijhawm.
Daim ntawv qhia twists thiab tig
Cov xwm txheej ntxiv tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib txoj hauv kev uas nyob rau xyoo pua 16th Gregory VIII, uas lub sijhawm ntawd nyob rau ntawm lub zwm txwv papal, qhia nws tus kheej chronology, uas yog hu ua "tus qauv tshiab". Ua ntej no, Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub, qhia los ntawm Julius Caesar, tau siv, lub ntsiab lus ntawm "qub style" tau muab rau nws. Tam sim no qhov txawv ntawm lawv yog 13 hnub.
Teb chaws Europe, ua raws li nws tus tswv yug yaj sab ntsuj plig, hloov mus rau daim ntawv qhia hnub tshiab, thiab Russia tau ua qhov no tsuas yog tom qab kev yeej ntawm kev hloov pauv xyoo 1917. Tab sis lub tsev teev ntuj tsis pom zoo rau xws li ib tug innovation thiabtseem nrog nws cov chronology.
Muaj lwm qhov kev tshwm sim: xyoo 1923, ntawm Pawg Sab Laj ntawm Orthodox Churches, ntawm kev pib ntawm Patriarch of Constantinople, tau kho rau Julian daim ntawv qhia hnub: daim ntawv qhia hnub "New Julian" tshwm sim, uas kom deb li deb tau tag nrho. coincides nrog Gregorian. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Russia tsis tuaj yeem nyob hauv lub rooj sib tham vim yog kev nom kev tswv, thiab kev sim siab ntawm Patriarch Tikhon los tswj qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm feem coob tsis ua tiav, yog li Julian chronology tseem siv zog ntawm no.
Thaum twg ntau pab pawg ntseeg ua kev zoo siab Christmas?
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev sib kis ntawm ntau lub tshuab ntawm kev suav yog tsis meej pem nrog cov hnub. Yog li ntawd, Vatican adherents thiab Protestants ua kev zoo siab Catholic Christmas, thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 24 yog hloov los ntawm 25th. Ua ke nrog lawv, cov hnub no tau hwm los ntawm 11 lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox hauv zos, tab sis lawv kos nrog lawv tus kheej, New Julian, daim ntawv qhia hnub.
Txij Lub Ib Hlis 6 txog 7, Christmas tuaj rau Lavxias, Georgian, Ukrainian, Yeluxalees, Serbian Orthodox pawg ntseeg, Athos cov tsev teev ntuj uas lees paub tsuas yog cov qauv qub, ntau Catholic ntawm sab hnub tuaj rite thiab ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Protestants.
Tam sim no txhua leej txhua tus ua kev zoo siab rau hnub yug ntawm Vajtswv Leej Tub rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 25, tab sis txhua tus ua raws li lawv tus kheej daim ntawv qhia hnub.
Christmas Eve: Kev lig kev cai Orthodox
Lub Ib Hlis 6 yog hnub tshwj xeeb, Christmas Eve. Nws yog kev cai hu nws Christmas Eve. Nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj hnub no, Christmaskev pabcuam txhua hmo, kav ntev li peb teev. Feem ntau tag nrho tsev neeg sib sau ua ke hauv pawg ntseeg. Nws yog tom qab ua tiav cov kev pabcuam uas lub sijhawm los txog thaum Orthodox Christmas pib ua haujlwm. Cov ntseeg sib pab txhawb nqa thiab maj mus tsev mus rau lub rooj festive.
Kev lig kev cai, nws yog kev cai tsis noj rau Christmas Eve kom txog thaum thawj lub hnub qub lossis lub koom txoos tshwm sim. Tab sis txawm tias tom qab ntawd, albeit festive, tab sis lenten tais tau muab tso rau ntawm lub rooj. Ntawm lwm cov khoom noj khoom haus, ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb tau nyob ntawm sochivo, lossis kutya - porridge ua los ntawm cov nplej lossis mov nrog zib ntab, txiv ntoo thiab cov noob poppy. Nws tsuas yog siav hmo Christmas no xwb.
Hnub Christmas Eve, lawv tau dai lub tsev, dai tsob ntoo Christmas thiab tso khoom plig rau hauv qab, uas tsuas yog kov tom qab noj hmo. Tom qab ntawd tsev neeg tau sib sau ua ke ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntsuab, thiab ib tug ntawm cov menyuam yaus tau faib cov khoom plig uas npaj rau lawv rau txhua tus. Tus neeg tau txais lub txiaj ntsim tau muab qhwv thiab qhia rau sawv daws, ua tsaug.
Yuav ua kevcai txiav yav tsaus ntuj rau cov neeg hlub, tsev neeg, tab sis tuaj yeem caw cov neeg kho siab los ua kev zoo siab rau hnub so ua ke thiab noj mov.
kev ntseeg neeg
Christmas Eve yav tsaus ntuj tau suav tias yog lub sijhawm zoo rau txhua yam kev kwv yees rau yav tom ntej. Ua ntej noj hmo, nws yog kev cai mus sab nraud thiab "saib lub hnub qub", uas, ua tsaug rau ntau yam cim, tuaj yeem qhia txog kev sau qoob loo yav tom ntej, thiab yog li ntawd txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tsev neeg. Yog li ntawd, lub cua daj cua dub foreshadowed tias cov muv yuav swarm zoo. Hmo ntuj starry tau cog lus tias yuav muaj cov xeeb ntxwv zoo ntawm cov tsiaj nyeg thiab muaj ntau ntawm cov qus berries. Frost ntawm tsob ntoo yog qhov chaw ntawm kev sau qoob loo zoo.
Ua ntej noj mov, tus tswv tsev yuav tsummus ncig lub tsev nrog lub lauj kaub ntawm kutya peb zaug thiab muab ob peb diav ntawm porridge hla qhov chaw pib - ib qho kev kho mob rau cov ntsuj plig. Txhawm rau kom txaus siab "tej", qhov rooj qhib rau nws thiab caw tuaj rau lub rooj.
Npauj npaim noj tsis kawg, rab diav tau tso rau hauv nws, uas yog ib qho khoom plig rau cov neeg pluag.
Thawj hnub ntawm hnub so
Lub Ib Hlis 7 Christmas pib ua kev zoo siab nrog txhua tus ntsuj plig. Tom qab thaum sawv ntxov Liturgy, Orthodox mus xyuas ib leeg. Lub rooj noj mov festive tau tawg nrog pickles, nws tsis tau ntxuav, vim hais tias cov acquaintances uas tuaj mus ua kev zoo siab rau cov tswv tau hloov tas li. Nws raug suav hais tias yog ib qho kev lig kev cai zoo los mus xyuas txhua tus txheeb ze, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov laus thiab kho siab.
Catholic kev lis kev cai
Raws li cov ntseeg Western, tsis muaj leej twg yuav tsum tau tso tseg yam tsis muaj khoom plig rau Christmas Eve. Lub ntsiab pub dawb yog Saint Nicholas (Santa Claus). Nws faib khoom plig zoo kawg nkaus: nws muab lawv tso rau hauv cov thom khwm thiab dai rau ntawm qhov cub, thiab tom qab ntawd nws tus kheej ploj mus rau hauv lub qhov cub.
Txoj kev cai ntawm caroling tau khaws cia, thaum menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tawm ntawm tsev mus rau tsev nrog nkauj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov neeg koom ntawm qhov kev txiav txim tau hnav khaub ncaws ntau yam thiab lub ntsej muag. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev zoo siab thiab kev xav zoo, cov neeg laus muab khoom qab zib rau lawv.
Lwm tus cwj pwm ntawm hnub so - "Christmas bread" - cov no yog tshwj xeeb unleavened wafers lit thaum Advent. Lawv tau noj thaum Christmas ua kev zoo siab ntawm lub rooj festive lossis thaum ua kev zoo siab rau ib leeg.phooj ywg.
Tsis yog spruce nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm hom ntoo tuaj yeem ua kev kho kom zoo nkauj festive. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog tshwj xeeb wreaths ntawm twigs thiab paj, uas yog lub cim ntawm lub hnub.
Christmas yog hnub so zoo, sov so los ntawm cov neeg hlub thiab kev hlub ntawm Vajtswv, uas tso cai rau qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb no tshwm sim. Tej zaum yog vim li cas koj thiaj li xav xa tej yam qab ntxiag rau cov neeg nyob ze. Tom qab tag nrho, nws tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb heev thaum Christmas los txog rau qee tus neeg, qhov tseem ceeb yog tias nws los thiab rov kho tib neeg tus ntsuj plig.
