Borisoglebsky Cathedral hauv Chernihiv: piav qhia, keeb kwm, duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Borisoglebsky Cathedral hauv Chernihiv: piav qhia, keeb kwm, duab
Borisoglebsky Cathedral hauv Chernihiv: piav qhia, keeb kwm, duab

Video: Borisoglebsky Cathedral hauv Chernihiv: piav qhia, keeb kwm, duab

Video: Borisoglebsky Cathedral hauv Chernihiv: piav qhia, keeb kwm, duab
Video: Ua Vajtswv tsaug - Nkauj Tawm Tshiab. 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Lub tuam tsev no nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub nroog qub, nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub citadel. Borisoglebsky Cathedral nyob rau hauv Chernigov yog ib tug tsis ntseeg tim khawv rau lub keeb kwm era ntawm lub reign ntawm princes nyob rau hauv Russia. Lub tuam tsev, uas yog lub embodiment ntawm tiag tiag lub hwj chim, kev sib haum xeeb thiab tranquility, attracts ntau qhua txhua hnub. Borisoglebsky Cathedral nyob rau hauv Chernigov (cov duab tau nthuav tawm tom qab hauv tsab xov xwm) yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj ntawm National Reserve of Architecture thiab Keeb Kwm. Ua raws li lub qhov ntxa princely, nws tam sim no ua haujlwm raws li lub tsev khaws puav pheej, ntxiv rau, cov nkauj dawb ceev concerts tau muaj nyob ntawm no.

Ib tug tshwj xeeb architectural monument
Ib tug tshwj xeeb architectural monument

About qhov chaw

Borisoglebsky Cathedral ntawm Chernigov (12th caug xyoo) nyob rau hauv lub nroog qub. Lub tuam tsev nce saum lub roob, hauv thaj chaw ua si ua si. Niaj hnub no, Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Architecture ua haujlwm hauv nws thaj chaw, uas yog ib feem ntawm Chernihiv Ancient Nature Reserve, cov thawj coj uas nyob ze, hauv lub tsev ntawm Collegium. nwsLub tsev, tsim nyob rau hauv 1672, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th yog ib feem ntawm lub Borisoglebsky monastery, uas yog lub tsev nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Chernigov. Borisoglebsky Cathedral chaw nyob: Chernihiv, st. Preobrazhenskaya, tsev naj npawb 1.

Image
Image

Los ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb ciav hlau koj tuaj yeem mus ntawm no los ntawm tsheb npav: No. 12 (tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb "Hotel "Ukraine") lossis No. 1 (tawm ntawm qhov chaw nres tsheb "Drama Theatre"). Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem taug kev ntawm txoj kev ntawm Heroes. Koj tuaj yeem tsav mus rau St. Boris thiab Gleb Cathedral ntawm koj tus kheej kev thauj mus los, txav ntawm sab ntawm lub peev raws txoj kev loj P67, uas yog txoj kev loj thoob ntiaj teb E95 (M01) hla. Cov kws tshaj lij muab cov neeg tsav tsheb taug kev los ntawm GPS kev tswj hwm: 51° 29'21.12'N, 31° 18'24.48''E.

Nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub cathedral
Nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm lub cathedral

Hais txog architecture nta

Lub tsev teev ntuj yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Chernihiv architectural tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum ob. Cov qauv yog nruab nrog ib lub dome, qhov siab uas ncav cuag 25 m, rau tus ncej thiab ib tug ntoo khaub lig-zoo li tus dome. Lub facades ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog cov phab ntsa loj, decorated nrog semi-kem topped nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm dawb pob zeb capitals. Borisoglebsky Cathedral nyob rau hauv Chernihiv tsis muaj zog thiab zoo li qub. Tsuas yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo tau siv rau nws txoj kev tsim kho. Lub tuam tsev yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov pob zeb carvings thiab zoo nkauj relief ornaments. Ntawm cov qauv, qhov nthuav tshaj plaws, raws li cov kws tshaj lij, yog cov zaub, ua ke nrog cov lace zoo heev los ntawm cov noog thiab tsiaj txhu. Qhov zoo ntawm brickwork, elegant carving ntawm dawb pob zeb capitals kuj attracts xim nyob rau hauv lub tuam tsev. Nyob rau facade ntawm lub peevrecreated los ntawm niaj hnub plexiglass ntawm tus qauv ntawm cov thawj sawv daws yuav, fragments ntawm cov thawj yuav pom nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej.

Carved qauv
Carved qauv

Borisoglebsky Cathedral hauv Chernigov: keeb kwm

Nws paub tias lub tuam tsev tau tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm cov qauv pob zeb qub, uas tau rov tsim dua ntau dua ib zaug thaum nws nyob. Thaum pib, Borisoglebsky Cathedral nyob rau hauv Chernigov tau tsim ua lub qhov ntxa ntawm Davidovich princes thiab yog lub ntsiab lub tsev teev ntuj. Nyob rau hauv 1786, los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Catherine II, nws tau liquidated.

Ruins ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cathedral
Ruins ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cathedral

Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm nws keeb kwm ntev, lub tsev teev ntuj tau rov hlawv, rhuav tshem, thiab rov tsim kho dua. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puas xyoo, muaj ib lub tsev teev ntuj Dominican nyob rau hauv nws, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lub Soviet era, s alted zaub tau khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj. Thaum tsov rog xyoo 1941-1945. Lub tuam tsev raug puas tsuaj loj heev. Thaum lub sij hawm kho dua tshiab nyob rau hauv lub xyoo tom qab tsov rog, archaeologists tswj kom nrhiav tau tiag tiag architectural ntsiab ntawm lub tsev - lub hauv paus pob zeb ntawm lub portal thiab ob carved capitals. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev kho dua tshiab, lub tuam tsev tau rov qab mus rau nws cov ntaub ntawv qub qub Lavxias teb sab. Nyob rau sab hauv ntawm Borisoglebsky Cathedral nyob rau hauv Chernigov, muaj ntau yam ancient frescoes thiab tshwj xeeb hauv pem teb inlay tau khaws cia.

Fragments ntawm frescoes
Fragments ntawm frescoes

Nws paub tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tau faus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj: Theophilus Ignatovich, Ambrose Dubnevich, Lazar Baranovich, St. Theodosius ntawm Uglitsky.

Yawg ntawm Yaroslav, tus tsim lub tsev teev ntuj

Tus tsim ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, lub tuam tsev tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, hauv 1120 yog ChernigovTub Vaj Ntxwv David, tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm Yaroslav the Wise. Lub tuam tsev tau muab lub npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm thawj ntawm tag nrho cov neeg ntseeg Lavxias teb sab - Gleb thiab Boris. Keeb kwm paub tias Gleb yog lub npe nruab nrab ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv David, txiav txim siab hauv Chernigov, uas tau tshaj tawm tias yog neeg dawb huv rau nws txoj kev ntseeg. Tom qab nws tuag, tus huab tais raug faus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj Borisoglebsky.

Nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas

Nyob rau xyoo pua kaum, lub tsev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau los ua cov cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm Dominican monks, uas tau kho dua thiab ua lub tsev teev ntuj Catholic ntawm no. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Koom Txoos Kav Tos Liv, lub tswb pej thuam thiab lwm lub tsev teev ntuj tau tsim tsa hauv lub tuam tsev. Sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tsev tau nthuav dav, txhua kab tau txhim tsa ntawm lub façade thiab qhov rais tau ua.

General saib ntawm lub cathedral
General saib ntawm lub cathedral

Return of Orthodoxy

Thaum lub sijhawm tsov rog kev ywj pheej hauv tebchaws coj los ntawm Bohdan Khmelnitsky, Orthodoxy raug xa rov qab mus rau pawg ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv 1672, ib tug monastery tau tsim nyob rau ntawm no, uas yog lub chaw nyob ntawm cov npis sov, tib lub sij hawm, lub Borisoglebsky Cathedral nyob rau hauv Chernihiv los ua ib tug cathedral. Tau muaj nyob rau ib puas xyoo me ntsis, lub tsev teev ntuj raug kaw los ntawm txoj cai ntawm Empress Catherine II.

About Royal Doors los ntawm Hetman Mazepa

Ntawm cov neeg tsim ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog Hetman Ivan Mazepa. Txog rau niaj hnub no, chased Royal Doors ntawm iconostasis, ua los ntawm cov nyiaj, tau khaws cia. Ua tsaug rau kev pab los ntawm Mazepa, lub tsev teev ntuj tau txais lub qhov rooj tshiab muaj koob muaj npe uas hnyav 56 kilograms, forged ntawm kev coj ntawm hetman thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua kaum yim los ntawm Western European jewelers los ntawm nyiaj thiab kub. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias rau kev tsim lub rooj vag, cov craftsmen siv cov khoom los ntawm ib tug silver mlom,uas tau pom nyob rau hauv 1700 thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub collegium tswb pej thuam. Cov rooj vag tau nqis los rau peb lub sijhawm tsis zoo. Lawv qhov siab yog 3.45 m. Raws li kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb ntawm kev kos duab baroque, cov rooj vag tau nthuav tawm xyoo 2008-2009 ntawm National Museum of the History of Ukraine (Kyiv) thiab Ukrainian Museum (New York).

About the Soviet lub sij hawm

Lub sijhawm ntawm kev ntseeg tsis ntseeg Vajtswv tau txawv los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub tuam tsev (lossis, theej, nws cov cuab yeej) ua rau muaj kev txaus siab ze ntawm lub luag haujlwm rau kev tshem tawm cov tuam tsev. Txawm hais tias cov pej xeem thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias muaj kev tawm tsam, txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 1930, Borisoglebsky Cathedral raug kaw. 14 lub tswb raug tshem tawm ntawm nws. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog (nyob rau hauv lub forties), lub tuam tsev raug puas tsuaj loj heev (tus thawj apses thiab vaults tau ploj) raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ib tug huab cua foob pob. Txhawm rau kom rov qab lub tsev mus rau cov qauv kev tsim vaj tsev ntawm pre-Mongolian era, lub tsev teev ntuj tau rov tsim dua hauv xyoo 1950. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub 17th-19th centuries ploj mus, thiab lub pej thuam, ua nyob rau hauv lub tshwj xeeb Ukrainian baroque style, raug dismantled. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kho dua tshiab, ntau qhov tawg tau rov qab los siv cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub - plexiglass thiab pob zeb. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub tuam tsev niaj hnub no yog qhov tseeb, kev tsim kho ntawm Lavxias-Byzantine style ntawm architecture.

Pom zoo: