Dab tsi yog kev cai dab qhuas ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula?

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Hindostan yog ib ceg av qab teb nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Asia, uas yog ib feem ntawm Indian subcontinent. Cov ceg av qab teb yog lub tsev muaj coob tus neeg uas yog cov neeg sib txawv thiab ib pab pawg, muaj ntau hom lus thiab tshaj tawm cov lus qhuab qhia sib txawv.

Kev ntseeg ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula yog ib qho kev ntseeg, txij li thaum lub sijhawm muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw no thiab ntau tshaj tsib txhiab xyoo keeb kwm, paganism, animism, polytheistic thiab monotheistic kev ntseeg tau hloov pauv thiab sib xyaw ua ke..

Los ntawm kev vam meej ntawm Mohenjo-daro mus rau thaj tsam ntawm Great Britain

Thaj chaw ntawm cov ceg av qab teb tau nyob ntev los ntawm tib neeg - keeb kwm ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm eras thiab kev vam meej tuaj yeem taug qab mus rau Neolithic. Qhov kev txiav txim ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm no muaj hnub nyoog, kwv yees, ntawm 20 txhiab xyoo BC. Peb tab tom tham txog Mohenjo-daro, ib qho ntawm cov chaw qub tshaj plaws qhib.

Raws li qee cov kws tshawb fawb, qis duacov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm lub nroog no tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 20-15 txhiab xyoo BC, txawm hais tias hnub tim ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw no yog 2600 xyoo ua ntej yug ntawm Tswv Yexus. Dab tsi yog kev cai dab qhuas ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd? Lub sijhawm ntawd yog lub sijhawm tshwm sim ntawm Hinduism, uas tau tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Harappan kev vam meej thiab cov Dravidians.

Txij thaum ntawd los txog rau thaum peb lub sijhawm, ntau haiv neeg nyob hauv Hindustan, koom nrog cov Dravidians, hais cov lus ntawm pawg Dravidian, Vedda (lawv yuav yog cov neeg laus tshaj plaws ntawm South Is Nrias teb), Kusunda. Ntxiv rau cov npe, kuj muaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm tsev neeg Mundian thiab Tibeto-Burmese thiab lwm tus.

Tom qab ntawd, tom qab tuaj txog ntawm Aryans hauv cheeb tsam, cov txheej txheem caste maj mam pib tsim. Raws li cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm karma, nws tau faib cov pej xeem mus rau theem, maj mam ua kom muaj kev sib haum xeeb thiab nruj.

Hais txog kev nom kev tswv, ntau lub nceeg vaj thiab lub tebchaws tau nthuav tawm lawv lub zog hauv thaj av ntawm ntau lub sijhawm, suav nrog Indo-Greek, Indo-Saka, Kushan kingdoms, Gupta thiab Harsha empires, Magandha thiab lwm yam. Kev ntseeg ib txwm muaj ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula thaum lub sijhawm ntawd yog Hinduism, Buddhism, thiab qee qhov chaw paganism.

Maj mam, thaj chaw ntawm cov ceg av qab teb, tau dhau los ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev kov yeej los ntawm Alexander lub Great, tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm Islamic lub xeev thiab lub sij hawm ntawm lub Mughal faj tim teb chaws, hloov mus ua ib tug colony ntawm Great Britain.

Tom qab tau txais kev ywj pheej los ntawm Tebchaws Askiv, Hindustan ceg av qab teb tau muab faib ua peb lub xeev ywj pheej: ntawm no yog thaj chaw ntawm Pakistan, Bangladesh thiab ib nrab Is Nrias teb.

Kev ntseeg kev cai dab qhuas ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula

Peb txoj kev ntseeg loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw no yog Hinduism, Islam thiab Buddhism. Ntxiv rau lawv, ntau cov thwjtim muaj Jainism, Sikhism, animism. Hinduism yog kev ntseeg tshaj plaws ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula: nws tau tshwm sim nyob ib ncig ntawm 3 xyoo txhiab BC. ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev ntseeg ntau dua qub. Txij li thaum txoj kev ntseeg no yog hauv paus hauv Vedic, Harappan thiab Dravidian kev vam meej, nws suav hais tias yog qhov qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.

Tsis muaj ib qho chaw lossis tus tsim ntawm Hinduism paub, tsis yog ib qho lus qhuab qhia lossis kev lig kev cai. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog ib tsev neeg ntawm kev pom, hauv nws ntau yam versions, suav nrog mono-, poly- thiab pantheism, monism thiab txawm tias atheism.

Buddhism, Jainism thiab Sikhism

Ob lwm txoj kev ntseeg uas yog ib txwm nyob rau thaj tsam no yog Buddhism thiab Jainism. Tsis muaj leej twg yog tus muaj zog nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev niaj hnub ntawm ceg av qab teb, txawm li cas los xij, ob qho tib si thawj thiab thib ob muaj ntau tus thwjtim.

Buddhism pib nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xyoo pua 6 BC. Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ib qho ntawm nws cov dej ntws, Mahayana, tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Greco-Buddhist kab lis kev cai. Yog li, qhov no yog ib qho kev cai dab qhuas tag nrho ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan ceg av qab teb, uas nyob hauv thaj chaw ntawm niaj hnub qaum teb hnub poob Pakistan (Greek-Buddhist kab lis kev cai tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm Indian, Central Asian, Persian thiab Greek thiab tsim kom txog rau thaum lub caij ntuj no. Xyoo pua 5 AD nyob rau thaj av ntawm sab hnub tuaj Afghanistan thiab NorthwestPakistan).

Jainism thiab Sikhism tau tshwm sim hauv 9th-6th centuries BC. e. thiab 15th caug xyoo AD, feem. Txawm hais tias yav tas los laus dua, ob leeg tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm thaj av.

Islam

Txoj kev ntseeg twg ntawm cov neeg ntawm Hindustan Peninsula tuaj yeem sib tw nrog Hinduism? Tsuas muaj ib lo lus teb - Islam. Nws yog qhov kev ntseeg monotheistic uas tau coj mus rau thaj av los ntawm kev kov yeej txij li xyoo pua 8th.

Muslim yog txoj kev ntseeg tseem ceeb hauv Pakistan thiab Bangladesh. Nws tseem hluas, tab sis tau nyob hauv cov kev ntseeg loj rau ntau pua xyoo.