Lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Moscow thiab thaj av Moscow muaj keeb kwm ntev, ntau tus ntawm lawv tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov xwm txheej uas tshwm sim hauv Hnub Nyoog Nrab Hnub nyoog ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia. Tag nrho cov monasteries no yog monuments ntawm keeb kwm, architecture thiab ancient Lavxias teb sab architecture, ib txhia ntawm lawv tau lees paub tias yog UNESCO ntiaj teb cov cuab yeej cuab tam.
Architectural monuments ntawm cheeb tsam Moscow
Nyob hauv suburbs muaj ntau cov keeb kwm monuments ntawm architecture thiab architecture. Ib qho ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog cov tuam tsev thiab monasteries. Muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv nyob ntawm no. Txog xyoo 1990, ntau lub tsev teev ntuj hauv cheeb tsam Moscow raug kaw. Txawm li cas los xij, tam sim no cov ntseeg Orthodox tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog thov Vajtswv hauv cov tuam tsev xwb, tab sis kuj kawm ntau yam txog lawv keeb kwm los ntawm kev mus ncig ua si thiab mus ncig ua si.
Cov tuam tsev thiab cov tuam tsev no yog ib hom kev ntseeg, ib yam li thaum lawv tsim. Ntawm cov kab lis kev cai no muaj cov monasteries nyob ze Moscow nrog cov cim txuj ci tseem ceeb uas nyiam ntau txhiab tus neeg taug kev. Cov cim no muab kev kho mob thiab kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb rau cov ntseeg.
KolomenskyMonastery
Kolomna yog ib lub nroog nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow, uas, raws li Laurentian Chronicle, twb muaj nyob rau hauv 1177. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub cohort ntawm feem ntau ancient Lavxias teb sab nroog; ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm architectural monuments tau ciaj sia nyob rau hauv nws mus rau peb lub sij hawm. Hauv Kolomna, Kolomna Kremlin tau khaws cia ib nrab, thiab ntau lub tuam tsev thiab cov tsev teev ntuj tau nqis los rau peb.
Cov tsev teev ntuj ua yeeb yam ntawm thaj av Moscow nrog cov cim txuj ci tseem ceeb suav nrog Bobrenev Monastery. Nws yog hu ua "Tus Niam ntawm Vajtswv-Christmas" thiab tau tsim los ntawm txoj cai ntawm Dmitry Donskoy, uas yog tus Grand Duke. Nws pib tsim tom qab yeej dhau lub Tatar-Mongol quab yuam nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikovo. Lub npe ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau muab los ntawm lub npe ntawm tus tswv xeev D. M. Bobrok, leej twg paub nws tus kheej hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog Golden Horde.
Nws tom qab ntawd los ua tus tsim lub tuam tsev loj, uas tau txais koob hmoov ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh. Nyob rau hauv cov hnub, Bobrenev Monastery yog ib hom "tus neeg saib xyuas" thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv Moscow, ua ib qho kev sib txuas ntawm cov saw hlau tiv thaiv nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj.
Miraculous icon ntawm Bobrenev Monastery
Lub cim txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Feodorovskaya Blessed Virgin Mary tau khaws cia hauv lub tsev teev ntuj Bobrenev. Cov keeb kwm ntawm nws cov tsos qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv 1908, thaum lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav dej nyab, ib tug txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Feodorovsky icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv tau coj mus rau phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nrog dej. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, daim duab no ntawm tus nkauj xwb raug ntes los ntawm Evangelist Lukas nws tus kheej.
Lub cim tau muab tso rau hauvLub tsev teev ntuj Feodorovskaya, thiab nws zoo nkaus li tau suav hais tias yog lub cim zoo. Tsis ntev, cov neeg ntseeg tau pib flock rau lub cim rau kev thov Vajtswv ntau. Cov neeg pib pom tias tom qab thov Vajtswv ua ntej tus duab ntawm Theodore Niam ntawm Vajtswv, cov poj niam tsis muaj menyuam pib xeeb tub. Cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov no npog thaj chaw ib puag ncig, thiab tom qab ntawd tag nrho ntawm Russia. Niaj hnub no, ntau txhiab tus poj niam tuaj rau daim duab no los pab tiv thaiv kev xeeb tub. Nws tseem ntseeg tau tias lub cim yuav pab txhawb tsev neeg thiab txhawb kev tu siab ntawm cov neeg thov Vajtswv.
Txij li xyoo 1613, daim duab ntawm Theodorovskaya Blessed Virgin Mary tau ua tus patron thiab tiv thaiv lub tsev ntawm Romanov tsars, thiab vim li no, txhua tus nkauj nyab txawv teb chaws ntawm Lavxias teb sab huab tais tau txais patronymic Fedorovna thaum lawv hloov dua siab tshiab rau Orthodoxy.
Trinity-Sergius Lavra
Ib lub tsev teev ntuj nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm thaj av Moscow tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau Lavra hu ua Trinity-Sergius. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws monasteries teej tug mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj, uas muaj ib tug ntev keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv lub Holy Trinity Cathedral, lub relics ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh, uas yog tus tsim ntawm lub monastery, yog khaws cia. Lub tsev teev ntuj nyob hauv lub nroog me me ntawm Sergiev Posad.
Hnub tsim ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog suav tias yog 1337, thaum Sergius ntawm Radonezh nyob hauv cov chaw no. Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, lub tsev teev ntuj no ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nom kev tswv lub neej ntawm Russia, yog kev txhawb nqa thiab txhawb nqa cov neeg thiab lub zog. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm, lub tsev teev ntuj tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam Tatar-Mongol yoke, thiab kuj tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. False Dmitryev - thiab thib ob, thiab thib peb, thiab nyob rau hauv Lub Sijhawm Teebmeem tawm tsam cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian.
Lavrovsky Ensemble
Ntawm thaj chaw uas Trinity-Sergius Lavra nyob, muaj ntau lub tsev tsim vaj tsev tsim los ntawm cov kws tsim vaj tsev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 15th-19th centuries. Lub koom haum ntawm Lavra suav nrog ntau dua 50 lub tsev uas muaj ntau lub hom phiaj, thiab tag nrho lawv nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv ntawm UNESCO.
Ntau tshaj kaum lub tsev teev ntuj tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj uas twb muaj lawm nyob ze Moscow. Cov no suav nrog cov hauv qab no.
- Tus Vaj Ntsuj Trinity Cathedral, ua rau xyoo pua 15th.
- Lub Tuam Tsev tau tsa rau lub yeeb koob ntawm Vajntsujplig nqis los rau ntawm cov thwj tim, ua rau xyoo 15th.
- Assumption Cathedral (XVI caug xyoo).
- Lub Tuam Tsev Nikon ntawm Radonezh, ua rau xyoo pua 17th.
- Church of Solovetsky Saints Zosima thiab Savatiy (XVII caug xyoo).
- Church of St. Sergius (Refectory Church) lig 17th century.
- Church mob siab rau kev yug los ntawm Yauhas tus neeg Baptist, XVII caug xyoo.
- Mikheevskaya Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj, lossis lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Blessed Virgin Mary thiab cov Thwj Tim Dawb Huv rau St. Radonezh, XVIII caug xyoo.
- Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Smolensk Icon ntawm Peb Poj Niam Hodegetria, ua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th.
- Serapion lub tsev pheeb suab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th.
- Assumption chapel saum lub qhov dej (qhov dej), tsim rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th.
Nyob hauv cov tsev teev ntuj ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj no nyob ze Moscow, cov kev pabcuam tau tuav txhua hnub raws li lub sijhawm, txawm tias qhov tseeb tias Trinity-Sergius Lavra tau suav tias yog lub tsev khaws puav pheej. Kev zoo nkauj ntawm architecture thiab zoo nkaujkev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab pleev xim ntawm pawg yuav tsis tso tseg tsis pom kev kos duab uas tau mus xyuas nws.
Kev Sawv Rov Los Tshiab Yeluxalees Monastery
Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Tshiab Yeluxalees nyob hauv Istra. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1656 los ntawm Nikon, Patriarch ntawm Moscow thiab Tag nrho Russia. Lub hom phiaj ntawm Patriarch Nikon yog qhov uas New Jerusalem Monastery yog los tsim kho qhov chaw ntawm cov ntseeg dawb ceev nyob hauv Palestine.
Ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm ob lub tsev nruab nrab thiab niaj hnub no tau tsim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow lub tsev teev ntuj hauv nroog Istra. Raws li tus yawg suab tau npaj tseg, Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Sawv Cev tau tsim tsa hauv daim duab ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv, nyob hauv Yeluxalees. Nws paub tseeb tias thaum lub sij hawm nws siv cov duab kos ntawm lub tuam tsev Yeluxalees. Lub tsev teev ntuj muaj 3 lub tsev teev ntuj: lub Koom Txoos ntawm Assumption ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv, lub tsev teev ntuj Calvary thiab lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm John the Baptist.
Lub Cathedral Sawv Rov Los, zoo li nws cov qauv hauv Palestine, muaj peb ntu, uas tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv ib qho kev tsim vaj tsev. Ib tug txawv feature ntawm lub tuam tsev yog ib tug ceramic siv decorating lub facade ntawm lub tsev, thiab cov vuas nyob rau hauv lub cathedral. Lub tuam tsev muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb ceramic iconostases, uas tau fij los ntawm Patriarch Nikon.
Architectural complex ntawm New Jerusalem Monastery
Hnub kaj ntug ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Lavxias ntawm cov duab kos duab yog txuam nrog cov cim ntawm Moscow cheeb tsam lub tsev teev ntuj hauv Istra, nyob hauv ntau lub tsev teev ntuj. Lawv pib tsim los siv cov txheej txheem sau ntawv tshiab thiab cov ntaub ntawv, uas ua rau lawv zoo nkauj dua thiab muaj tseeb.
Nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev muaj ntau tshaj kaum lub tsev uas muaj ntau lub sijhawm tsim kho. Cov no yog lub tswb pej thuam, rov qab los rau xyoo 2016, lub tsev teev ntuj hauv av ntawm Constantine thiab Helena, Lub Rooj vag Dawb Huv thiab lub rooj vag ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Nativity thiab lub refectory ntawm nws, ua thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Raws li cov tsev rau cov kev xav tau niaj hnub ntawm cov hauj sam:
- M alting and blacksmith chambers of the 17th century.
- Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
- Pov Thawj lub quarters.
- Guardhouses.
- chav tsev kho mob.
Thaum ntxov ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib lub tsev cia puav pheej thiab chaw ua yeeb yam hu ua "Lub nroog Yeluxalees Tshiab", uas muaj ntau dua 180 txhiab qhov khoom pov thawj. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 2013 nws tau tsiv mus rau sab nraud ntawm Istra River, qhov chaw nws nyob hauv lub tsev tshiab loj thiab xis nyob. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub tsev khaws puav pheej no koj tuaj yeem kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm cov txuj ci tseem ceeb monasteries nyob ze Moscow thiab tau paub txog ntau lub tsev khaws puav pheej relics.
Poj Niam Txoj Kev Ntseeg Kolotsky Monastery
Lub Assumption Kolotsk Monastery nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Moscow, hauv cheeb tsam Mozhaisk. Ntau lub Moscow thiab Moscow cheeb tsam monasteries paub txog lawv keeb kwm thiab thaj neeb. Lub Assumption Convent, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Kolotskoye, tsis muaj kev zam. Yav dhau los, Kolotsk Monastery yog txiv neej, tab sis thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th nws tau los ua poj niam. Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Cov Poj Niam nyob ze Moscow yog ib lub tsev teev ntuj uas tau mus xyuas ntau tshaj plaws los ntawm cov ntseeg uas xav tau kev kho mob los ntawm ntau yam mob.
Lub tsev teev ntuj tau tsim nyob rau xyoo pua 15thAndrei Mozhaisky, uas yog tus tub ntawm Dmitry Donskoy, Grand Duke. Kev tsim kho tau pib nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm lub cim txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Cov tebchaws no muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj, yog li nyob rau xyoo pua 17th cov tub rog Polish-Lithuanian tau plundered cov av no, thiab thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov tub rog ntawm Napoleon. Uspensky Kolotsky Monastery tau mus xyuas los ntawm huab tais Alexander I, Alexander II, Kutuzov M. I., field marshal, thiab lwm yam keeb kwm nuj nqis. Lawv tuaj ntawm no los nyo hau rau lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm Kolotsk Niam ntawm Vajtswv.
Zaj dab neeg ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub cim txuj ci tseem ceeb
Ib tug neeg pluag hauv zos hu ua Luka pom lub cim nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas tsis paub rau leej twg nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd thiab coj mus rau nws lub tsev. Nyob hauv tsev, nws muaj ib tug txheeb ze uas mob, ua tsaug rau lub icon, tau txais kev kho mob. Cov lus xaiv tau tshaj tawm cov xov xwm no thoob plaws hauv cheeb tsam, thiab tsis ntev tau coj mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas Lukas mus nrog lub cim.
Luka kho nws tus kheej los ntawm kev kho cov kev txom nyem, thiab rov qab los tsev nrog nyiaj ntau. Nws ua ib lub tsev thiab ua neej qus. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ib qho xwm txheej, txhua yam hloov pauv. Thaum Luka yuav luag tuag los ntawm ib tug dais, nws tau los rau hauv nws lub siab thiab pib coj lub neej ncaj ncees. Nws muab nyiaj los tsim ib lub tuam tsev thiab ib lub monastery thiab nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, ua ib tug hauj sam.
Nkauj ntseeg qhov chaw nrhiav
Tom qab ntawd, raws li cov lus dab neeg hais, ntawm qhov chaw uas pom Kolotsk Icon ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv tau tshwm sim, lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav kho tau tshwm sim, uas tau ua rau hnub ua kev zoo siab ntawm daim duab. Kolotsk convent yuav raug ntaus nqi mus rau ib qho ntawm cov miraculous monasteriesMoscow suburbs, coob pilgrims thiab tourists tuaj rau cov chaw no txhua txhua xyoo.
Monasteries ze Moscow yog cov pov thawj keeb kwm tshwj xeeb ntawm ntau yam xwm txheej thiab lub sijhawm. Cov tsev teev ntuj no yog cov monuments tiag tiag ntawm lub tuam tsev Lavxias teb sab architecture thiab pearls ntawm architecture thiab yuav rov hais dua rau txhua tus neeg paub txog kev zoo nkauj.
