Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery - keeb kwm, piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb

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Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery - keeb kwm, piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb
Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery - keeb kwm, piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb

Video: Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery - keeb kwm, piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb

Video: Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery - keeb kwm, piav qhia thiab nthuav tseeb
Video: TXHAIS NPAU SUAV, Npau suav pom tsev ntxhua khawb ncaws, ziab khawb ncaws, tsi tshua zoo 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
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Ntev ua ntej lub tsev teev ntuj tau tshwm sim ntawm cov kob ntawm Konevets, Ladoga thiab Karelian thaj av tau nyob los ntawm cov pab pawg Finno-Ugric. Nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab hauv thaj av Karelian nyob Korels, nyob rau sab hnub poob, nyob ib sab ntawm lawv, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Slavic pab pawg neeg: Krivichi thiab Ilmen Slavs. Nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm Lake Ladoga - Chud, raws Neva River thiab ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv B altic - Izhora thiab Veps. Txog thaum kev cai raus dej ntawm Russia, cov pab pawg neeg no yog pagan. Thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws, lawv tau teeb tsa ntau lub tuam tsev pagan, qhov chaw uas lawv pe hawm tus vajtswv Veles thiab Perun. Nyob rau hauv Russia, nrog rau kev saws me nyuam ntawm kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv 988 thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Prince Vladimir, txoj kev ntseeg tshiab tau nthuav dav mus rau sab qaum teb thaj av. Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery ntawm Lake Ladoga tau tsim nyob rau hauv 1393 los ntawm Reverend Arseniy Konevsky. Nws lub hom phiaj ib leeg yog los hloov cov neeg pe mlom mus rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery keeb kwm
Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery keeb kwm

Qhov chaw

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Niam ntawm Vajtswv Monastery yog nyob rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Konevets nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Lake Ladoga, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Leningrad. Cov kob nonyob rau tsib kilometers ntawm lub mainland. Lawv raug cais los ntawm ib leeg los ntawm Konevets Strait. Thaj chaw ntawm cov kob yog li 8.5 square kilometers. Qee lub sij hawm nws pom tau tias yog ib tug ntxaib ntawm Valaam Monastery, uas nyob rau ntawm cov kob ntawm Valaam hauv Lake Ladoga.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery: keeb kwm

Nyob rau hauv Nruab Nrab Hnub nyoog, muaj cov tuam tsev pagan ntawm ntau haiv neeg Finnish ntawm Konevets. Cov pagans pe hawm tus vajtswv uas lawv tsim rau lawv tus kheej. Ib qho kev hwm tshaj plaws uas lawv muaj yog pob zeb loj (tshaj 750 tons), zoo li tus nees lub pob txha taub hau. Lub pob zeb no hu ua "Stone Nees", uas cov kob tau txais nws lub npe.

Hnub Nyoog Kawg

Arseniy Konevsky (ib neeg ntawm Nizhny Novgorod) tau tsim lub tsev teev ntuj hauv 1393 txhawm rau hloov cov neeg ntseeg mus rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv. Tsis paub ntau txog Arseny nws tus kheej. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20 xyoo nws tau cog lus monastic thiab nyob hauv Lisogorsky monastery nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Novgorod rau txog 10 xyoo. Tom qab ntawd, nws tau mus rau Athos thiab siv peb xyoos nyob rau ntawd, tau txais koob hmoov rau lub cim ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv, uas tom qab ntawd los ua lub npe hu ua Konevskaya. Xav kom nyob ntsiag to, Arseniy Konevsky tau txais koob hmoov los ntawm Archbishop ntawm Novgorod John II thiab xaiv cov kob ntawm Konevets rau nws tus kheej. St. Arseny txhim tsa tus ntoo khaub lig thiab ua ib lub xovtooj ntawm qhov tob ntawm Konevets, ntawm ib lub roob me. Tom qab ntawd, thaum nws muaj cov thwj tim, nws tsiv nws lub tsev teev ntuj los ze rau ntawm ntug dej Ladoga.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery
Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery

Raws li Novgorod keeb kwm hauv 1398 tau tsimlub tsev teev ntuj. Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias Konevsky Monastery ntawm Nativity ntawm Theotokos yog thawj pob zeb qauv ntawm Karelian Isthmus. Tom qab dej nyab dhau los (1421), nws tau txiav txim siab tsa lub tsev teev ntuj mus rau ib lub roob, qhov twg tam sim no. Saint Arseniy nyob rau hauv 1421 pib tsim lub Cathedral ntawm lub Nativity ntawm tus nkauj xwb. Nws yog lub tsev teev ntuj tseem ceeb ntawm Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery. Nws lub thaj neeb tseem ceeb yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb Konevskaya Icon ntawm Niam ntawm Vajtswv. Nws tau coj los ntawm Athos los ntawm Arseniy thiab sawv cev rau Tswv Yexus ua si nrog tus nquab qaib, uas qhia txog kev dawb huv ntawm sab ntsuj plig.

Thaum lub sij hawm Lavxias teb sab-Swedish ua tsov ua rog, uas kav los ntawm 1614 txog 1617, cov kob raug ntes los ntawm Swedes, thiab cov hauj sam raug ntiab tawm mus rau Nizhny Novgorod, qhov chaw lawv tau muab tso rau hauv Derevyanitsky monastery. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Loj, Russia muaj peev xwm rov qab tau cov av no. Nyob rau hauv 1718, tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj Derevyanitsky tau txais kev tso cai los ntawm Peter I los kho lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov kob. Sawv rov los nyob rau hauv 1760, nws tau raug lees paub tias yog ywj siab.

19th century

Lub sijhawm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery poob rau xyoo 19th, thaum lub koob meej ntawm nws mus txog lub peev. Xyoo 1858, Alexander II tau tuaj xyuas nws nrog nws tsev neeg thiab lwm cov qhua. Vim lawv muaj koob meej, cov hauj sam tau pib tsim cov chaw tshiab. Lawv tau tsim: ib lub tsev teev ntuj ob-zaj nrog lub tswb pej thuam (kev tsim kho pib xyoo 1800 thiab kav ntev li 9 xyoos) thiab lub tswb nrov peb-zaj dab neeg (1810-1812).

konevsky nativity theotokos txiv neejlub tsev teev ntuj
konevsky nativity theotokos txiv neejlub tsev teev ntuj

Lub tsev ntawd yog ua los ntawm pob zeb. Peb hom monastic lub neej tau tsim:

  • hermit;
  • dub;
  • skitskaya.

Konevsky Skate thiab Kazansky Skate tau tsim nyob rau ntawm cov kob.

XX caug xyoo

Nyob rau xyoo 1917, tom qab Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj Tsov Rog Loj, Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery tau xaus rau hauv Finland. Yog li ntawd, nws tau los nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim ntawm Finnish Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj. Nyob rau hauv cov kob ntawm Konevtse, Finns tsim fortifications. Thaum lub sij hawm Lavxias teb sab-Finnish ua tsov ua rog (1939-1940) thiab lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj raug puas tsuaj. Tom qab qhov kawg ntawm Lavxias teb sab-Finnish ua tsov ua rog, 11% ntawm Finnish av pib mus rau lub USSR. Thaum Lub Peb Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1940, cov hauj sam tau mus rau Finland (nrog lawv qee cov khoom muaj nqis los ntawm pawg ntseeg). Hauv Finland, Novo-Valaam Monastery tau tsim. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog xyoo 1941-1945, thaum cov tub rog Finnish nyob hauv lub koog pov txwv, ib pab pawg neeg me tau rov qab los rau hauv cov kob. Xyoo 1956, tsuas yog 9 tus neeg tseem nyob ntawm pab pawg. Lawv tau txiav txim siab: los koom ua ke ob lub tsev teev ntuj Valaam thiab Konevsky. Cov txiv plig, coj nrog lawv lub Konevskaya Icon ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv, mus rau Papinniemi thaj av, uas yog New Valaam.

Ntawm cov kob ntawm Konevets, tam sim ntawd tom qab kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, cov tub rog ntawm Soviet Union tau nyob. Cov tub rog rhuav tshem lub monastery tojntxas thiab lub tsev teev ntuj, nws tau rhuav tshem nrog lub tsheb loj.

Nyob rau xyoo 1991, Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery tau pauv mus rau Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj. Tom qab ntawd, nws txoj kev txhawb siab pib.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery
Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery

Lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1991, cov relics ntawm St. Arseniy Konevsky, zais los ntawm Swedes, uas tau txeeb cov av no hauv 1577, raug coj mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj. Cov relics tau khaws cia rau hauv pem teb ntawm ib lub tsev teev ntuj; lawv yog lub thaj neeb tseem ceeb ntawm Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery. Lwm lub thaj neeb - Miraculous Konevskaya Icon ntawm Leej Niam ntawm Vajtswv tseem nyob hauv Finland.

Xyoo 1994, thawj zaug monastic vows tau ua nyob rau hauv lub monastery. Niaj hnub no, muaj coob tus neeg pilgrims thiab tourists tuaj ntawm no. Txhawm rau kom tau mus rau cov kob, koj xav tau ib txoj koob hmoov los ntawm tus kws kho mob ntawm Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery lossis kev tso cai los ntawm Pilgrimage Service.

Kev ua haujlwm cathedrals, tuam tsev, chapels, hermitages

Tam sim no, muaj ntau lub tuam tsev, chapels thiab skates ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub tuam tsev. Cia peb saib ib co ntawm lawv.

Cathedral ntawm Nativity ntawm Blessed Virgin Mary

Lub Cathedral suav hais tias yog lub tsev qub tshaj plaws. Qhov chaw rau nws nyob rau hauv 1421 tau xaiv los ntawm Monk Arseniy nws tus kheej. Tom qab dej nyab loj heev, nws tau txiav txim siab tsiv lub tsev teev ntuj thiab lub tsev teev ntuj mus deb ntawm ntug dej Ladoga. Tom qab ntawd, ob peb zaug lub monastery raug rhuav tshem thiab rov tsim dua. Thawj lub tsev teev ntuj rebuilt yog ntoo, nws yog ua los ntawm Ave. Arseniy. Nws raug hlawv nyob rau hauv 1574 thaum lub Swedes nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Tom qab cov hauj sam rov qab mus rau cov kob nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th, lawv ua ib lub tsev teev ntuj tshiab tawm ntawm pob zeb. Xyoo 1610, cov neeg Swedes tau rov qab cov av no thiab rhuav tshem lub tsev teev ntuj. Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Northern, Russia tau rov qab loscov av no. Nyob rau hauv 1766, lub tsev teev ntuj tau rebuilt, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th nws poob rau hauv disrepair. Thiab nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav xyoo 1800, kev tsim kho lub tuam tsev pib.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery Lake Ladoga
Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery Lake Ladoga

Nyob rau hauv ib xyoos xwb, thawj pem teb tau rebuilt thiab lub qab nthab. Tab sis tsis muaj nyiaj txaus rau pem teb thib ob. Xyoo 1802, Alexander kuv tau txais nyiaj pub dawb, ua tsaug uas nws tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv pem teb thib ob thiab ua tiav thawj pem teb. Txog niaj hnub no, kev kho dua tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv lub tsev teev ntuj qis, cov kev pabcuam tau tuav ntawm no. Hauv pem teb thib ob tau raug puas ntsoog thaum lub sijhawm xyoo ntawm Soviet lub zog, nws xav tau kev kho dua tshiab. Nyob rau hauv lub Cathedral muaj xws li thaj neeb: ib daim ntawv teev cov miraculous Kanev Icon ntawm leej niam ntawm Vajtswv thiab ib lub nkoj nrog cov relics ntawm St. Arseny.

Chapel of Apparition of God Niam

Lub tsev teev ntuj tau ua rau saum lub Roob Dawb Huv tom qab Tswv Ntuj Leej Niam los tshwm rau Txwj Laug Joachim. Cov qauv tau muab tso rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub roob, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas ib zaug sawv ib tug pe hawm ntoo khaub lig, tsa los ntawm Ave. Arseniy nws tus kheej. Lub tsev teev ntuj suav hais tias yog lub tsev qub tshaj plaws ntawm Konevets. Nws yog rebuilt nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Soviet era, lub tsev teev ntuj tau qis los ntawm lub roob mus rau lub pier thiab siv los ua ib tug checkpoint. Thaum Konevets raug xa rov qab mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj, lub tsev teev ntuj raug tsa rov qab mus rau lub Roob Dawb Huv. Kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tau rov ua dua tshiab.

Konevsky nativity ntawm tus nkauj xwb monastery qhov chaw
Konevsky nativity ntawm tus nkauj xwb monastery qhov chaw

Temple nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm St. Nicholas lub Wonderworker (1815)

Lub tuam tsev pob zeb no tau ua rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm ntoopawg ntseeg. Lub tsev teev ntuj ntoo yav dhau los tau tsim kho dua tom qab Tsov Rog Sab Hnub Tuaj nrog cov neeg Swedes hauv 1718 thiab tau muab fij rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1719. Xyoo 1762, nws tau kho dua tshiab thiab hu ua lub toj ntxas - thaum lub sijhawm ntawd lub toj ntxas tau teem caij rau hauv nws lub sam thiaj. Los ntawm 1812 txog 1815 lub tsev ntoo tau hloov los ntawm ib lub pob zeb. Hauv pawg ntseeg muaj plaub-tiered iconostasis, duab ntawm Ave. Arseny, cov duab los ntawm lub neej ntawm St. Nicholas tus Wonderworker thiab Arseny, thiab cov cim qub tsis tshua muaj. Nyob rau hauv lub 40s, nrog lub advent ntawm cov tub rog, tag nrho cov no ploj mus. Tam sim no, tsuas yog ib lub laj kab tseem tshuav ntawm lub tuam tsev toj ntxas.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery: abbots

Ntawm cov abbots ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj no, ntxiv rau Arseny Konevsky, nws tsim nyog hais txog tus kws sau ntawv sab ntsuj plig thiab Archimandrite Hilarion (hauv ntiaj teb ntawm Ivan Kirillov), uas hloov lub tsev teev ntuj, muab nws daim ntawv teev npe tshiab.

Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery abbots
Konevsky Nativity ntawm Theotokos Monastery abbots

Lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv lub neej ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau ua los ntawm tus saib xyuas Israel Andreev, uas tsim cov nyuj yug menyuam thiab yug nees. Nws yog cov neeg Ixayees uas tau muab nyiaj ntau ntxiv ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv lub tsev teev ntuj.

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