Muslim thov Vajtswv: nta, ntawv nyeem thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Kab lus no yuav qhia koj tias cov lus thov Muslim muaj nyob thiab siv los ntawm cov neeg uas lees paub Islam. Rau ib tug Muslim, nws yog ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv kev xyiv fab thiab kev tu siab yog lub ntsiab feature ntawm lub neej ncaj ncees thiab ncaj ncees.

Sala yog ib tug ncej ntawm Islam

Kev thov Vajtswv ntawm cov Muslims yog hu ua salah, txhais los ntawm Arabic txhais tau tias "kev pe hawm", lub npe thib ob ntawm qhov tshwm sim no yog kev thov Vajtswv, hauv Persian. Cov kab ke no yog ib qho ntawm tsib lub hauv paus hauv kev ntseeg Islamic, nrog rau kev cai dab qhuas rau txhua tus Muslim. Nws yog kev pe hawm ntawm lub cev, lub hlwb thiab sab ntsuj plig ua tsib zaug hauv ib hnub ntawm lub sijhawm teem tseg. Thaum Muslims thov Vajtswv, lawv yuav tsum saib rau Mecca. Nyob rau hauv no ritual, adherents ntawm Islam tig mus rau Vajtswv rau kev txhawb nqa.

Nyob rau hauv txhua qhov kev thov Vajtswv, ib tug neeg nyeem lossis hu nkauj qee nqe lus, kab lus hauv Arabic. Lo lus "sala" feem ntau txhais ua "kev thov Vajtswv", tab sis qhov kev txhais no tuaj yeem tsis meej. Muslims kuj siv lo lus "dua", txhais los ntawm Arabic txhais tau tias "thov Vajtswv",thaum nws los txog rau lub ntsiab txhais ntawm kev thov Vajtswv nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb Muslim, uas yog "ib tug reverent thov kev hlub tshua los ntawm Allah."

Sala ua ntej los ntawm kev da dej ritual. Sala muaj qhov rov ua dua ntawm chav tsev hu ua rak'ah, suav nrog cov lus teev tseg thiab cov lus. Tus naj npawb ntawm obligatory rak'ahs txawv ntawm ob mus rau plaub, nyob ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm hnub lossis lwm yam xwm txheej (piv txwv li, kev pe hawm hnub Friday, uas muaj ob rak'ahs). Namaz yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau txhua tus neeg Muslim, tshwj tsis yog cov tub ntxhais hluas lossis cov ntxhais thaum cev xeeb tub, thiab thaum poj niam muaj ntshav hauv 40 hnub tom qab yug menyuam. Txhua lub zog hauv kev thov Vajtswv yog nrog cov kab lus takbir (cov lus ntawm Allah Akbar), thiab qhov kawg ntawm txhua qhov kev thov Vajtswv muaj daim ntawv qhuas Muslim: "As-salam alaikum".

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm "kev thov" thiab "sala"

Sala yog lo lus Arabic, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm uas yog "kev pe hawm, kev pe hawm Vajtswv, kev thov Vajtswv." Kev txhais lus ntawm lo lus "sala" raws li "kev thov Vajtswv" feem ntau tsis suav tias yog qhov tseeb txaus, vim nws tuaj yeem qhia ntau txoj hauv kev hais txog Vajtswv. Piv txwv li, daim ntawv thov tus kheej los yog kev thov yog txhais los ntawm lo lus "dua" (lus "hu" hauv Arabic).

Muslims lawv tus kheej siv ob peb lo lus rau salah nyob ntawm lawv cov lus lossis kab lis kev cai. Hauv ntau qhov chaw hauv ntiaj teb, suav nrog ntau lub tebchaws uas tsis yog-Arab, siv lo lus Arabic "sala". Lwm lo lus tseem ceeb yog lo lus Persian "thov" (نماز) siv los ntawm cov neeg hais lus ntawm Indo-IranianCov lus (xws li Kurdish, Urdu, Balochi, Hindi) nrog rau Turkish, Lavxias, Suav, Bosnian thiab Albanian. Nyob rau hauv North Caucasian hom lus muaj lo lus "lamaz", nyob rau hauv lub Chechen - "chak". Indonesia tau siv lo lus "salad".

Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev thov Vajtswv

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm salah yog kev sib txuas lus ntawm ib tug neeg nrog Vajtswv thiab nws veneration. Tom qab nyeem "Qhib", thawj sura (ntu) ntawm Qur'an, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua hauv kev pe hawm txhua hnub, ib tug Muslim yuav tsum txhos caug ntawm Vajtswv, ua tsaug, qhuas nws thiab thov kev taw qhia ntawm lub neej zoo.

Nyob hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv Hanbali txoj kev xav, tus neeg uas tsis thov Vajtswv tsib zaug ib hnub twg yog tus tsis ntseeg. Lwm peb lub tsev kawm ntawv Sunni hais tias ib tug neeg uas tsis thov Vajtswv tsib zaug ib hnub twg yog ib tug neeg txhaum tsis hwm Vajtswv. Cov neeg uas ua raws li lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Hanbali hais txog ib qho hadith los ntawm Sahih Muslim sau, uas hais tias kev thov Vajtswv yog txoj kab sib faib ntawm cov ntseeg thiab cov tsis ntseeg.

Ntxiv mus, kev pe hawm txhua hnub yog ib qho kev ceeb toom rau cov Muslims tias lawv tshuav txhua yam rau Tswv Ntuj thiab yuav tsum thov Vajtswv txoj koob hmoov. Kev tso siab rau Vajtswv yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj txhua yam kev txhawj xeeb thiab kev xav tau, yog li rov ua lub neej nyob ib puag ncig Vajtswv thiab ua raws li Nws lub siab nyiam. Kev pe hawm kuj yog ib txoj kev cai ntawm "dhikr", kev nco txog Vajtswv.

Muslims ntseeg tias txhua tus yaj saub thov Vajtswv txhua hnub thiab yogtxo hwj chim hauv kev tso siab rau Allah (ib tug Vajtswv). Cov neeg Muslim kuj ntseeg tias lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov yaj saub yog qhia tib neeg kom txo hwj chim rau tus Tswv nkaus xwb.

Qhov txawv ntawm kev thov Vajtswv ntawm Sunnis thiab Shiites

Islamic pe hawm los ntawm qee cov ntseeg Muslim yuav txawv ntawm lwm tus hauv qee cov ntsiab lus. Cov yam no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau qee yam kev ua thiab cov lus. Qhov sib txawv tshwm sim vim qhov sib txawv ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm Islamic kev cai lij choj los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv sib txawv ntawm txoj cai (madhhabs) hauv Sunni Islam thiab kev cai lij choj sib txawv hauv Shiite Islam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev pe hawm ritual, qhov sib txawv no feem ntau yog me me thiab tsis tshua muaj teeb meem. Muslims ntseeg hais tias Muhammad xyaum, qhia thiab nthuav cov rituals ntawm kev pe hawm thoob plaws hauv lub Muslim zej zog thiab ua nws ib feem ntawm nws lub neej. Yog li ntawd, txoj kev xyaum yog lossi txhim kho los ntawm cov zej zog nyob rau hauv txhua tiam neeg. Cov qauv rau cov qauv ntawm kev thov Vajtswv tsis yog los ntawm hadith los yog los ntawm Qur'an, tab sis yog los ntawm Muslim kev pom zoo. Qhov sib txawv kuj tshwm sim vim xaiv tau (pom zoo, tsis tas yuav tsum tau) cov lus ntawm txoj kev thov Vajtswv. Ib xyoo 2015 Kev Tshawb Fawb Tshiab pom tias cov poj niam thov Vajtswv ntau dua li txiv neej.

Shiite sages tom qab qhov kawg ntawm kev thov Vajtswv tsa tes peb zaug, hais tias: "Allah ha-akbar", thiab Sunnis tsuas saib sab laug thiab sab xis, hais tias: "Salam". Tsis tas li ntawd, Shiites nyob rau hauv lub thib ob rak'ah feem ntau hais tias: "Kunout" - thiab Sunnis hais lo lus no tom qab thov Vajtswv nws tus kheej.

Fard salah

Fard yog qhov yuav tsum tautsib thov Vajtswv txhua hnub, nrog rau hnub Friday Salat al-Jumu'a thiab Eid thov Vajtswv. Tsis ua raws li cov kev cai no ua rau ib tug neeg tsis yog Muslim raws li kev nruj nruj mahabah "hanbali" ntawm Sunni Islam, thaum lwm tus Sunni madhhabs suav tias yog kev txhaum loj. Txawm li cas los xij, tag nrho plaub tus madhhabs pom zoo los ntawm kev pom zoo tias kev thov Vajtswv yuav tsum muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua.

Fard tau muab faib ua fard al-ain - kev ua uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau txhua tus (piv txwv li, kev thov Vajtswv), thiab fard al-kifaya - kev ua, ua tsis tiav uas tuaj yeem zam txim rau qee yam xwm txheej (piv txwv li, tsis kam mus rau Mecca vim muaj mob).

Fard al-Ain yog cov kev ua uas suav tias yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov tib neeg uas yuav raug lees paub yog tias cov cai dawb ceev no raug tsis saib xyuas. Ferd al-Kifaya yog cov kev ua uas suav hais tias yuav tsum tau ua rau lub zej zog Muslim tag nrho, yog li yog tias qee cov neeg hauv zej zog ua, tsis muaj Muslim raug suav hais tias tsim nyog, tab sis yog tias tsis muaj leej twg ua, txhua tus neeg raug nplua.

Cov txiv neej yuav tsum ua namaz hauv kev sib sau (jamaah) nrog cov imam thaum lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau. Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb Islamic feem ntau, kev thov Vajtswv ua ke yog pom zoo rau cov txiv neej, tab sis tsis yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua lossis txwv tsis pub rau poj niam.

Siv rosary (subhi)

Subha, lossis ib txwm muaj oriental rosary, yog siv los ntawm Muslims los pab suav recitations thiabtsom ntsoov thaum thov Vajtswv tus kheej. Tus pe hawm kov ib hlaws ntawm ib lub sij hawm thaum reciting cov lus ntawm dhikr (nco txog Allah). Cov recitations feem ntau xa mus rau 99 lub npe ntawm Allah los yog kab lus uas qhuas thiab qhuas Allah. Cov kab lus no feem ntau rov qab ua raws li hauv qab no:

1. "Subhanallah" ("Glory to Allah") - 33 zaug.
2. "Alhamdililla" ("Qhia rau Allah") - 33 zaug.
3. "Allahu Akbar" ("Allah yog zoo") - 33 zaug. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog kev thov Vajtswv muaj zog Muslim xwb, tab sis kuj yog kev koom tes.

Daim ntawv no yog los ntawm ib zaj dab neeg (hadith) uas tus Yaj Saub Muhammad qhia nws tus ntxhais, Fatimah, kom nco ntsoov Allah siv cov lus no. Nws kuj hais rau cov ntseeg uas nyeem cov lus no hais tias, “Txhua yam kev txhaum yuav raug zam, txawm tias tej zaum lawv yuav loj npaum li cov npuas dej saum dej hiav txwv.”

Rites thiab salah los ntawm kev noj nyiaj txiag thiab qhov muag phem

Kev lig kev cai, cov neeg uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tshem tawm kev puas tsuaj yuav tsum pib ua kev cai dab qhuas los ntawm kev nyeem thawj phau ntawv Kaulees, uas hu ua Al-Fatiha.

“Bismillahi l rahmani rrahim Alhamdu lillahi Rabbi Alamin. Arrahmani rahim. Maliki yaw middin, Iyyaka nabudu wa iyyaka nastain, Ihdina l sirata l mustakim Sirata l azin anamtu alaihim gairi l magzubi alaihim wa la ddallin."

Muslim thov Vajtswv los ntawm kev noj nyiaj txiag thiab qhov muag phem tau nyeem hauv Arabic. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pib nyeem peb caug-rau-thib sura hu ua "Ya-sin." Nws loj heev thiab muaj yim caum-peb nqes. Nws yuav siv li kaum tsib feeb los nyeem. Qhov nolub sura muaj lub hwj chim colossal, Muhammad hais tias nws yog tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub Kaulees. Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog Surah An-Nas. Qhov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws yog mus yuav phau ntawv Dawb Huv Islamic thiab nqa tag nrho cov lus thov uas tsim nyog los ntawm nws. Nov yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws Muslim thov Vajtswv rau kev noj nyiaj txiag.

Tus neeg uas xav tshem tawm kev puas tsuaj, nrog rau cov txheeb ze uas xav pab nws, yuav tsum tau nyeem Surah Al-Baqqara. Muhammad nws tus kheej qhia nws rau cov neeg uas raug tsim txom los ntawm dab phem los yog dab ntxwg nyoog sim ntxias nws. Muslim thov Vajtswv los ntawm lub qhov muag phem tuaj yeem tshem tawm lub zog tsis zoo.

Cov menyuam yaus tshwj xeeb yog qhov tsis zoo thiab feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov muag phem. Adherents ntawm Islam, zoo li tej niam txiv, ntshai hais tias lawv cov me nyuam yuav lwj thiab lub qhov muag phem. Qhov no muaj tseeb tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam mos. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej, lawv kuj tau nyeem cov phau ntawv dawb huv: thawj, kawg, 112 thiab 113. Lawv suav hais tias yog Muslim thov Vajtswv rau qhov muag phem.

Islamic thov Vajtswv rau hmoov zoo

Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ntseeg muaj rituals thiab thov Vajtswv uas yog aimed ntawm attracting kev vam meej, thiab Islam tsis muaj kev zam. Muslim thov Vajtswv rau hmoov zoo pab tiv thaiv koj tus kheej los ntawm kev tsis zoo ntawm kev phem shaitans, xws li dab thiab genies, uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho lub neej. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog xav tias txawm nyob hauv Vaj Lug Kub Npaiv Npaum nws tus kheej muaj qhov qhia tau tias yog ib tug neeg xav yawn, ces nws yuav tsum npog nws lub qhov ncauj nrog nws txhais tes, vim hais tias tus dab phem tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv nws, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog nws. Tseem muaj kev thov Vajtswv rau kev qaug cawv. Kev koom tes los ntawm kev haus dej cawv tuaj yeem cawm tus neeg los ntawm kev ntxhov siab thiab rov qab zoo siab rau nws, uasua rau muaj lub siab xav tshem kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj.

Dua (thov Vajtswv) rau txhua lub sijhawm

Hauv Islam muaj Muslim thov Vajtswv rau txhua lub sijhawm. Dua (thov Vajtswv) - yog ib yam ntawm hneev rau Allah. Lub Quran hais tias:

"Ua rau kuv thiab kuv yuav teb koj."

Vim li no, nyob rau hauv Sunnah ntawm Great Muhammad (kev thaj yeeb thiab koob hmoov rau nws) yuav muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas thiab nyob rau hauv dab tsi lub sij hawm ib tug yuav tsum tig mus rau Merciful Allah thiaj li yuav tau txais kev ntseeg thiab kev tiv thaiv los ntawm dab phem rog thiab kev xav phem thiab khib.

Ib qho ntawm cov Muslim thov Vajtswv rau txhua lub sijhawm:

O Allah, qhuas koj! Koj hnav kuv hauv no (cov khaub ncaws), thiab kuv thov koj rau nws qhov zoo thiab qhov zoo uas nws tau tsim, thiab kuv nrhiav chaw nkaum nrog koj los ntawm nws txoj kev phem thiab kev phem uas nws tau ua. Thov Tswv Ntuj muab nqi zog rau koj thaum koj hnav tawm.

Thov Vajtswv rau ailments

Ntau tus neeg thaum lub sijhawm tshwm sim ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm lub cev tig tsis yog rau cov kws kho mob nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj mus rau Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg kom pab thiab kho. Muslim thov kev noj qab haus huv pab ntxuav lub cev thiab lub plawv ntawm lub zog tsis zoo, uas yog feem ntau ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob thiab kab mob. Koj tuaj yeem hais tau txhua lub sijhawm, nug koj tus kheej thiab rau tus neeg koj hlub.

Thov ntxuav lub tsev

Lub zog tsis zoo ib txwm khaws cia hauv tus neeg lub tsev. Nws zoo heev hloov lub zog hauv tsev thiab feem ntau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob. Cov neeg ntseeg niaj hnub ntxuav nrog kev pab ntawmMuslim thov Vajtswv rau tsev. Qhov no tau pom zoo los ntawm cov kws ntseeg ntseeg tom qab muaj teeb meem loj thiab kev thuam thuam pib tshwm sim hauv koj lub tsev.

Islamic thov Vajtswv yog siv los ntawm cov neeg ncaj ncees ntawm kev ntseeg hauv ntau lub neej. Lawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub neej ntawm txhua tus Muslim. Rau kev ntxuav lub tsev, Muslim kev thov Vajtswv yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib txwm ib txwm siv Salah los hloov lub zog ntawm lub tsev. Ua ntej xws li ib tug ritual, nws raug nquahu kom ua ib tug loj tu yam tsis poob.

Raws li kev cai Islamic, kev ua koob tsheej yuav tsum ua los ntawm ib tus neeg, thaum tsis muaj leej twg nyob hauv tsev. Kev ua koob tsheej suav nrog kev siv tswm ciab, uas yuav tsum tau yuav hauv qhov chaw ntawm sab ntsuj plig. Kwv yees li - ib qho rau txhua chav nyob. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los muab ntau lub tswm ciab seem nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas lawv hlawv sai sai. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua txhua yam kev coj ua txhawm rau ntxuav lub tsev thaum nruab hnub. Kuj qhib lub qhov cua thiab qhov rais thaum lub sijhawm ua koob tsheej. Ntxuav lub tsev nrog Muslim thov Vajtswv yog pom zoo los ntawm Islamic theologians.

Txhua chav, suav nrog cov txee thiab txee, yuav tsum tau taug kev ncig ntawm lub moos. Nyob rau hauv ib tes, koj yuav tsum tuav ib khob dej dawb huv, thiab nrog kev pab los ntawm koj ob txhais tes los yog ib tug txhuam, nphoo dej dawb huv nyob rau hauv cov ces kaum. Tom qab ntawd, ib tug tswm ciab yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv txhua chav nyob rau hauv lub ces kaum thiab ci kom lawv tan nyob rau tib lub sij hawm. Rituals kom nyiam cov khoom muaj nqis yuav tsum tau hais ib zaug ib hnub.hnub. Thaum kawg ntawm kev thov Vajtswv, nws raug nquahu kom tawm mus sab nraud thiab pub ob peb lub npib rau cov neeg pluag.

Txheej Txheem Tsim Nyog rau Kev Thov Vajtswv Txhua Hnub

• Ua kom koj lub cev thiab qhov chaw ua koob tsheej huv si. Ua ablutions raws li xav tau los ntxuav koj tus kheej ntawm cov av thiab hmoov av.
• Tsim lub siab xav ua raws li koj qhov kev thov Vajtswv nrog lub siab dawb paug thiab kev mob siab rau. Sawv ntsug, tsa koj txhais tes thiab hais tias: "Allah Akbar" ("Vajtswv yog tus loj tshaj").
• Sawv, tuav koj txhais tes hla daim ntaub thiab nyeem thawj tshooj ntawm Qur'an hauv Arabic. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem nyeem lwm nqe lus ntawm Qur'an uas yuav foom koob hmoov rau Vajtswv.

• tsa koj txhais tes dua thiab hais "Allah Akbar" dua. Hneev, ces nyeem "Subhana rabbiyal adhim" ("Glory to my Lord Almighty") peb zaug.
• Raug rau ib qho chaw sawv, hais: "Sami Allahu Liman Hamida, Rabbana wa lakal hamd" ("Vajtswv hnov cov neeg hu nws").
• tsa koj txhais tes hais tias "Allahu Akbar" dua. Zaum saum av hais tias "Subhana Rabbiyal aala" ("Glory to my Lord, the Most High") peb zaug.
• Hauv qhov chaw zaum, peb nyeem cov lus: "Allah Akbar." Qhov no yog ib qho classic tsoos salah hauv Arabic.
• Sawv thiab sawv hauv qhov chaw hais tias "Allahu Akbar. Qhov no ua tiav ib lub voj voog lossis ib feem ntawm kev thov Vajtswv.
• Pib dua los ntawm kauj ruam 3 rau lub voj thib ob. Tom qab ob tag nrho rak'ahs (qib 1 txog 8)tseem zaum tom qab nyeem Salah thiab hais thawj ntu ntawm Tashahhudah thov Vajtswv hauv Arabic.
• Reread qhov thib ob ntawm kev thov Vajtswv hauv Muslim.
• Tig mus rau sab xis thiab hais tias: "Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullahi" ("Kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb rau koj thiab Vajtswv txoj koob hmoov"). Qhov no ua kom tiav official sal. Muslim thov Vajtswv rau txhua hnub yog lub luag haujlwm dawb huv ntawm txhua tus Muslim.