Memory Palace: txheej txheem rau kev nco cov lus

2024 Tus sau: Miguel Ramacey | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 06:20

Hnub no lub neej thiab tus nqi ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv tswv yim siv los ntawm ib tus neeg niaj hnub no hauv kev ua haujlwm, thiab hauv lub neej txhua hnub, tsa cov lus nug txog yuav ua li cas kom nco tau ntau dua thiab nco ntsoov cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam ntev.

Hmoov tsis zoo, hauv ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv lawv tsis qhia xws li kev qhuab qhia xws li mnemonics, uas qhia ntau yam txuj ci, txoj hauv kev thiab txoj hauv kev ntawm kev nco thiab khaws kev paub. "Memory Palace" yog ib qho ntawm cov mnemonic qub tshaj plaws. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog nws keeb kwm, ntau yam kev hloov kho thiab cov kev siv tau zoo.

Kev nco ua haujlwm li cas?

Yog tias tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb, cia peb nco qab txog cov txheej txheem zoo li cas yog kev nco. Cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau peb lub hlwb mus txog plaub theem tseem ceeb:

- nco;

- tseg;

- rho tawm;

- tsis nco qab.

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nco suav nrog txhua qhov kev nkag siab uas kho cov ntaub ntawv nkag: lub qhov muag, nco txog xim thiab ci ntsa iab ntawm font, qhov ntswg nqus cov ntxhiablub tsev qiv ntawv lossis cov ntawv luam tawm tshiab, pob ntseg hnov lub suab ntawm nplooj ntawv, thiab txhais tes "nco" qhov hnyav ntawm phau ntawv thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm nws daim npog.

Tom qab tau txais tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, lub hlwb, los ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses, xa tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hippocampus - ib tug tshwj xeeb khub ntawm lub paj hlwb cortex uas ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, nws yog ib feem ntawm lub hlwb uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb cais nyob rau hauv cov kwj ntawm cov hlab ntsha impulses rau qee lub sij hawm, thiab tom qab ntawd hloov lawv mus rau cortex ntawm hemispheres, qhov chaw khaws cia tseem ceeb. Yog li, hippocampus yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub sijhawm luv, thiab lub paj hlwb cortex - rau kev nco mus ntev.

Txawm li cas los xij, ib tus neeg ib txwm tau ntsib teeb meem hnyav ntawm kev nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thaum lub sijhawm nyob hauv "txoj kev rov qab" ntawm nws lub cim xeeb.

keeb kwm me ntsis

Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev piav qhia txog kev kos duab ntawm kev nco thiab cov tswv yim thiab cov tswv yim siv los ntawm mnemonists, cov lus pom tias txhua yam tshiab yog qhov qub tsis nco qab zoo tas li rov nco qab. Feem ntau ntawm cov mnemonics uas siv tau zoo niaj hnub no tau piav qhia thaum ntxov li 82 BC. e. hauv phau ntawv qhia luv luv rau rhetoric Rhetorica ad Herennium. Txoj kev mnemonic, cov tswv yim, thiab kev cob qhia ntawm kev nco tau piav qhia hauv lub ntsiab lus no tau siv dav heev nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm thiab nyob rau nruab nrab hnub nyoog.

Tus Kws Lij Choj Peter Ravenna, uas nyob hauv lub xyoo pua 15th, siv cov tswv yim xws li lub tsev nco txog nco txog cov lus thiab cov lus hais. Ntxiv mus, tus naj npawb ntawm palaces nyob rau hauv nws cov ntaub ntawv yog xam tsis nyob rau hauv kaum, tab sis nyob rau hauv ntau txhiab, thiab nyob rau hauv lawvcov kab lus tseem ceeb thiab cov lus hais txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau nws tau muab khaws cia rau hauv cov ntawv sau. Nws hais txog txoj kev no hauv nws phau ntawv "Phoenix", luam tawm thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th.

Nrog rau cov laj thawj, cov qauv sau ntawv thiab cov lus hais, cov tswv yim txhim kho kev nco yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev kawm txuj ci European liberal arts classical. Cov tub ntxhais kawm tsis yog raug yuam kom cim cov ntaub ntawv xwb, tab sis kuj piav qhia yuav ua li cas.

Cov nom tswv thiab cov lag luam niaj hnub no paub zoo txog kev tsim lub tsev nco txog thiab siv cov mnemonic no kom ua tiav lawv lub hom phiaj.

Tus sau yog leej twg?

Hnub no tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raws nraim leej twg yog tus thawj tsim thiab siv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nco txog ntau lub npe, hnub keeb kwm, cov lus qhia thiab qhov tseeb - tus kws sau paj lug Greek thaum ub Simonides lossis Roman orator Cicero. Lub ntsiab ntawm cov txheej txheem lawv siv yog tias lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog hauv lub tsev uas lawv paub zoo. Hauv lawv txoj kev xav, lawv tau sau cov chav ntawm lub tsev no nrog cov duab, cov ntsiab lus - feem ntau, nrog txhua yam uas lawv xav nco qab. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, txhua lub sijhawm, nws muaj peev xwm rov tsim dua lub tsev nws tus kheej hauv kev xav, taug kev los ntawm nws thiab nco ntsoov txhua yam uas xav tau. Tom qab ntawd, cov txheej txheem no tau hu ua lub cim xeeb palace, txoj kev Cicero, txoj kev txheej txheem.

chav Roman, lossis Cicero txoj kev

Muab lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov neeg Loos thaum ub hais lus thiab tus kws tshaj lij Marcus Tullius Cicero, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias nws tau lees paub nrog ntau yam kev siv mnemonics. Raws li ib tug version, npaj rau pej xeemhais lus, nws taug kev los ntawm ntau chav ntawm nws tus kheej lub tsev thiab muab tso rau hauv lawv ntau yam theses, quotations thiab hnub tim. Hais lus, nws lub hlwb rov qab nws txoj kev thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog. Lwm version hais tias tus Roman rhetorician no siv txoj kev uas nws yuav tsum tau taug kev txhua hnub kom nco ntsoov. Tau kawg, ua ib tus neeg saib xyuas thiab ua tib zoo mloog, Cicero paub tag nrho nws cov yam ntxwv, uas nws "txuas" cov khoom, qhov tseeb, thiab lwm yam nws xav tau.

keeb kwm kev cai dab qhuas

Nyob hauv Hnub Nyoog Kawg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub sijhawm Inquisition, cov thawj coj ntawm pawg ntseeg tau ntsib teeb meem ntawm kev nco qab ntau cov ntaub ntawv ntau yam. Cov kev cai dab qhuas ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog paub Vaj Lug Kub thiab kev thov Vajtswv xwb, tab sis kuj tseem yuav tsum nco ntsoov txhua yam, hom kev deev luag poj luag txiv, kev txhaum, thiab txawm tias cov cim ntawm cov dab … kev paub. Ib tug neeg uas muaj peev xwm qhia lwm tus kom nco ntsoov txhua yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws tsis zoo li cov pov thawj Catholic ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tau nyeem lossis hnov txog cov mnemonics xws li lub cim xeeb lub tsev lossis Cicero txoj kev. Lawv tuaj nrog thiab siv cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws hu ua kev nco ua yeeb yam. Hauv kev xav, lawv tsim ib chav nrog plaub phab ntsa, txhua qhov muaj ob peb theem nrog ntau qhov chaw. Sau "theatres", cov txiv plig nco txog txhua yam kev ntseeg uas lawv xav tau.

Giulio Camillo mus ntxiv thiab tsim lub tsev ua yeeb yam tiag tiag ntawm kev nco, ua los ntawm ntoo, uas tau nthuav tawm rau Fabkishuab tais. Ob tug neeg tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov ntawd: Camillo nws tus kheej thiab tus huab tais, qhov chaw uas tus kav tau piav qhia yuav ua li cas nco ntsoov ib yam dab tsi.

Matteo Ricci nto moo rau dab tsi?

Medieval Catholicism tau nto moo rau nws txoj kev xav "nqa" cov neeg uas tshaj tawm lwm txoj kev ntseeg rau lawv txoj kev ntseeg "qhov tseeb". Ib tug ntawm cov ntseeg Catholic nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 16th yog Jesuit Matteo Ricci. Nws yog tus txiv neej kawm ntawv tshaj plaws ntawm nws lub sijhawm: tus lej lej thiab tus kws kos duab, tus neeg txhais lus uas thawj zaug tau tswj hwm los tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm Suav haiv neeg thiab cov teb chaws Europe. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws lub npe tau raug khaws cia hauv keeb kwm vim nws lub peev xwm mnemonic ci ntsa iab, ua tsaug rau qhov nws tau los ua thawj, thiab ntau xyoo tsuas yog European, uas tau tswj kom dhau qhov kev xeem rau tsoomfwv qib siab hauv Suav teb.

Jesuit mnemonics

Tau kaum xyoo, Ricci, uas coj lub npe Li Ma-dou hauv Suav teb, tsis yog tsuas yog tswj hwm cov lus Suav thiab ntau hom lus hauv cheeb tsam, tab sis kuj dhau mus rau tus neeg txawj ntse thiab kawm tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv no nws tau pab tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm ib tug zoo heev kev kawm ntawv, tab sis kuj los ntawm muaj cov Jesuit mnemonics, uas nws tau qhia rau Suav. Matteo Ricci tau tsim lub Palace of Memory raws li cov khoom siv uas xav tau rau kev nco. Hauv qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, lub tsev no tuaj yeem muaj ntau cov qauv ntawm qhov siab thiab qhov ntau thiab tsawg, sib cuam tshuam. Ricci ntseeg hais tias kom zoo dua memorization, koj tuaj yeem siv tsis tau tsuas yog palaces, tab sis kuj muaj ntau lub tuam tsev thiab cov tuam tsev, cov hniav gazebos thiab cov pej xeem.lub tsev. Nws yog nyob rau hauv xws li "composite" nco palace uas nws tau hais rau nws cov tub ntxhais kawm Suav tias lawv tso cov duab thiab cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog rau kev nco. Cov Suav siv txoj kev uas nws tau hais tseg, tiam sis tsis hloov mus rau txoj kev ntseeg Catholic. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias cov neeg ntseeg niaj hnub no hwm Matteo Ricci ua tus vaj tswv ntawm txhua tus saib xyuas - Li Ma-dou.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias qhov no mnemonics hu ua li cas - cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov duab lossis qhov chaw, cov qauv ntawm matrices lossis geometric qhov chaw, lub palace ntawm kev nco lossis lub palaces ntawm lub siab, lub hauv paus ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig yog ib txwm zoo ib yam. Ib tug neeg tsim nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim ib tug duab ntawm ib tug zoo-paub thiab kev xav nyob ze qhov chaw, tsis hais seb nws yog ib chav tsev nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv lub tsev so los yog lub Knights 'Hall of the Hermitage, chaw ua hauj lwm los yog qib nyiam ntawm lub computer game DooM. los yog Heroes of Might and Magic.

Cov ntaub ntawv tseeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov hloov mus ua cov duab ci ntsa iab tso rau hauv qhov chaw paub zoo thiab muaj kev xav zoo siab rov tsim dua tshiab hauv tib neeg lub tswv yim. Thaum qhov kev xav tau tshwm sim kom nco qab qhov no lossis qhov tseeb, nco ntsoov qhov chaw koj tso nws, thiab mus taug kev hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws los ntawm lub tsev nco, koj chav lossis qib ntawm kev ua si hauv computer.

Psychological mechanisms

Mnemonic cov tswv yim xws li lub cim xeeb palace lossis locus txoj kev siv qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nco thiab qhov tseeb rau hauv cov duab pom tseeb uas tau muab tso rau thiab cuam tshuam nrog qee cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov chaw muaj kev xav thiab paub txog. ATRaws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev txawj ntse manipulations, lub hlwb tsim tshiab neural kev sib txuas thiab kev koom tes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov thiab tom qab reproduced thiab cov duab ntawm ib qho chaw. Vim li no, raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev pom kev pom thiab kev piav qhia ntawm cov kev sib txuas sib txuas, tib neeg nco tau tsim.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tsim lub tsev nco?

Yog tias koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov thiab txuag, nrog rau kev nkag mus sai rau cov ntaub ntawv tho txawv thiab muaj suab npe, koj tuaj yeem tsim koj tus kheej "kev txawj ntse Halls".

Thaum pib, tsuas yog paub txog cov txheej txheem no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los txwv koj tus kheej rau chav me me thiab paub heev, piv txwv li, koj tus kheej chav. Yog li, dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua kom "tsim" koj tus kheej nco lub palace? Cov txheej txheem yooj yim, ntawm no yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb:

1. Txiav txim siab ntawm koj lub palace nco. Thaum xub thawj, txhawm rau rhuav tshem cov cim xeeb, lub rooj thiab lub thawv ntawv yuav txaus. Yog tias tsis txaus, ces koj tuaj yeem siv cov rooj tog zaum thiab qhov chaw seem. Hloov chaw, koj tuaj yeem "kab" qhov tseeb raws koj txoj hauv kev mus rau chav kawm lossis ua haujlwm. Lub cim xeeb palace lossis locus txoj kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm kev tso cai ntau cov ntaub ntawv nco tau khaws cia thaum qhov chaw xav txog qhov tseeb thiab ntxaws.

2. Peb nteg tawm txoj kev. Tau tsim koj tus kheej "ntseeg" palace, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum xav txog txoj hauv kev ntawm koj txoj kev txav mus los ntawm nws. Yog hais tias koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj me ntsis kev txiav txim, ces txoj kev ntawm kev txav yuav tsum tau meej heev thiabnyiam dua yooj yim. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws yog siv hauv kev xav hauv tib txoj kev uas muaj nyob hauv kev muaj tiag. Piv txwv li, thaum koj nkag mus hauv chav, thawj qhov koj pom yog TV, tom qab ntawd lub rooj zaum, thiab tom qab ntawd tsuas yog chaw ua haujlwm.

3. Xaiv cia. Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb heev, vim tias thaum siv cov txheej txheem (nco / lub siab lub tsev), koj yuav tsum muab tag nrho cov naj npawb tsim nyog, qhov tseeb thiab cov npe ntawm cov chaw no. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ib qho kev xav tuaj yeem raug yuam rau ib qho khoom, txwv tsis pub muaj kev ntxhov siab, thiab txoj kev yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws yog ntshaw kom cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ib leeg, yog li nws yuav yooj yim rau nco.

4. Nco ntsoov: lub cim xeeb palace yog cov txheej txheem uas ua haujlwm tau zoo tsuas yog tias koj paub lub palace koj tsim zoo li sab nraub qaum ntawm koj txhais tes thiab nco ntsoov tag nrho nws cov ntsiab lus los ntawm lub siab. Cov neeg uas xyaum txoj kev no pom zoo kom kos ib daim ntawv qhia txog lub hlwb cia thiab kos npe rau ntawm qhov chaw uas cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia. Los ntawm kev sib piv cov duab virtual nrog cov tswv yim koj tau kos, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas qhov tseeb tias koj khi nws rau qhov khoom li cas.

Yuav siv li cas?

Tab sis tam sim no tag nrho cov theem kev npaj tau ua tiav, thiab thaum kawg, koj lub tsev nco tau npaj rau kev nco.

Txoj kev sau nws yog qhov yooj yim heev: koj yuav tsum sau cov ntaub ntawv me me rau txhua yam khoom. Qhov ntau nta, qhov zoo dua. Xav txog qhov tsis hnov tsw, xim, kev ntxhib los mos thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm txhua yam khoom, muab nws nrog ib lossis lwm qhov xim xim. Yog koj yuav tsum nco ntsoovib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm coherent cov ntaub ntawv, ces muab cov associative khoom ua ke, txuas lawv ua ke. Qhov ntau extravagant thiab txawm absurd cov yawm sij thiab cov duab koj siv, qhov zoo dua. Piv txwv li, Polar Bear hauv khau loj 6 Qhov siab tshaj plaws yuav pab koj nco qab yooj yim ntawm kev tsim thiab qauv ntawm lub supercar tshiab los ntawm kev txhawj xeeb zoo.

Siv qhov xaus

Tsis txhob cia siab tias lub tsev nco tau yog txoj hauv kev yooj yim thiab ceev los npaj rau kev xeem lossis kev hais lus rau pej xeem. Qhov tseeb, qhov no yog cov txheej txheem pheej yig, ua tsaug uas koj tuaj yeem txhim kho koj lub cim xeeb tiag tiag. Tab sis koj yuav tau ua tsis tu ncua, tsis tu ncua kev cob qhia koj tus kheej lub tswv yim thiab ntau hom kev nco. Koj tuaj yeem pib me me - los ntawm koj qhov chaw ua haujlwm lossis chav. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias txhua lub cim xeeb "dag" nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw, vim hais tias tom qab ntawd nws yuav yooj yim mus nrhiav tau. Cov neeg qub hais tias txoj kev yuav yog txoj kev taug kev, tej zaum nws yuav yog lub sijhawm mus?