Lub tuam tsev yog lub tuam tsev? Keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub ntawm pre-Christian chaw pe hawm

Cov txheej txheem:

Lub tuam tsev yog lub tuam tsev? Keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub ntawm pre-Christian chaw pe hawm
Lub tuam tsev yog lub tuam tsev? Keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub ntawm pre-Christian chaw pe hawm

Video: Lub tuam tsev yog lub tuam tsev? Keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub ntawm pre-Christian chaw pe hawm

Video: Lub tuam tsev yog lub tuam tsev? Keeb kwm thiab niaj hnub ntawm pre-Christian chaw pe hawm
Video: Qhov Zoo Nyob Tsis Nco Qab Singer By: Xyo Vwj Nkauj Tawm Tshiab May 2021 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Tsis muaj ntau qhov chaw uas tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim seb qhov kev cai dab qhuas pagan tau ua li cas nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm Russia ua ntej kev coj ua ntawm kev ntseeg. Tshwj xeeb, cov kws tshawb fawb paub me ntsis txog kev npaj cov chaw pe hawm thaum ub. Lub heterogeneity ntawm ancient Slavic kev ntseeg, kev sib xyaw ntawm kab lis kev cai ntsiab lus ntawm ntau pab pawg neeg uas muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb thaj chaw ntawm lub sij hawm sib txawv ntawm lub sij hawm, ho nyuaj rau kev tshawb fawb. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis ntev los no, vim muaj kev txaus siab nyob rau hauv keeb kwm pre-Christian ntawm peb lub teb chaws, cov kws tshawb fawb tau tswj kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tshiab heev ntawm qhov teeb meem no.

lub tuam tsev no
lub tuam tsev no

Temple in the open air

pib nrog, cia saib seb lub tuam tsev pagan yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam ntawm pre-Christian kev cai dab qhuas vaj tse, lub ntsiab lub hom phiaj ntawm uas yog kev sib txuas lus ncaj qha ntawm ib tug neeg nrog lub siab tshaj gods. Qhov tseeb, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau hu lub tuam tsev ib lub tsev, txij li thaum nws yog ib tug oval los yog round platform nyob rau hauv qhib cua, feem ntau fenced nrog ib tug moat. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw yog tus mlom ntawm tus vajtswv uas nws hwm nws.

Ntau zausib lub tuam tsev pagan ntawm hom no tau nyob deb ntawm thaj chaw thiab cov zos. Cov kws tshawb fawb feem ntau pom qhov chaw zoo sib xws ntawm cov toj roob hauv pes, hauv nruab nrab ntawm hav zoov, swamps, thiab lwm yam. Lub cheeb ntawm lub voj voog yuav yog ob peb kaum meters. Cov hluav taws tua hluav taws tua hluav taws hauv qhov kwj deg, thiab ntau yam khoom dawb ceev (pob zeb, ncej) tau muab tso rau ntawm lawv cov npoo. Yog tias lub tuam tsev tau muab rau ntau tus vajtswv, lawv cov mlom tuaj yeem nyob ib puag ncig. Qee yam khoom ntawm hom no yog hu ua qhov chaw me me los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, vim lawv nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm qhov chaw qis.

lub tuam tsev qub
lub tuam tsev qub

Tswv Ntuj hauv lub tuam tsev

Cov Slavs ua lawv cov kab ke hauv cov tuam tsev tiag tiag (los ntawm lo lus "tsev loj"). Hauv ib lub tsev ntawd muaj ib lub tuam tsev. Lub npe no tau muab rau ib feem ntawm lub tuam tsev nyob tom qab lub thaj. Cov mlom feem ntau tau teeb tsa ntawm no. Qee zaum, lub tuam tsev nws tus kheej kuj hu ua lub tuam tsev. Feem ntau, cov tsev zoo li no muaj ib puag ncig. Txawm li cas los xij, archaeologists kuj tau pom cov qauv square.

Archaeological pom ntawm thaj chaw ntawm Russia thaum ub

Raws li twb tau hais lawm, muaj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj tsawg heev thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau uas ua rau nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab raws nraim li cas cov tsev teev ntuj Slavic tau mob siab rau qee tus vajtswv zoo li. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws keeb kwm monuments yog Kiev thiab Peryn Slavic tuam tsev. Lub tom kawg tau mob siab rau Slavic vajtswv ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog Perun. Nws tau tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vladimir thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv pagan hauv 980. Archaeologists ib nrab tswj kom rov qab zoo li qub. Cov khoom yog xyaumlub platform zoo kawg nkaus nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 21 meters. Nws nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm ib lub meter tob.

Raws li cov qauv zoo li lub tuam tsev thaum ub hauv Kyiv, tsis muaj qhov kev tshawb nrhiav keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm no. Thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob. Tom qab tag nrho, thaj chaw uas nws nyob tau nquag siv rau ntau pua xyoo. Thiab nws tsis zoo li ntau yam khoom uas cuam tshuam txog kev ntseeg qub yuav raug khaws cia hauv lub nroog ntawm lub xeev ntseeg.

lub tuam tsev pagan
lub tuam tsev pagan

Slavic gods

Yog li, peb pom tias lub tuam tsev yog qhov tseeb, lub tuam tsev pagan, nyob rau hauv qhov qhib huab cua lossis sawv cev rau lub tsev teev ntuj. Raws li cov khoom siv tiag tiag ntawm kev pe hawm cov neeg uas tau mus xyuas cov chaw dawb ceev hauv lub sijhawm qub - Slavic vajtswv, me ntsis paub txog lawv. Thaum lub sij hawm hloov kho los ntawm Tub Vaj Ntxwv Vladimir, Dazhdbog, Khors, Stribog, Makosh thiab Semargl, coj los ntawm Perun, tau suav nrog hauv pantheon ntawm lub ntsiab deities. Lawv cov mlom sawv ntawm ib sab ntawm lub tsev loj loj ntawm Kiev Hill. Cov Eastern Slavs tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hwm lwm tus vajtswv - Veles. Nyob rau hauv Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Bygone Xyoo, ntxiv rau cov deities, lwm tus tau hais - Lada, Kupala, Kolyada, Pozvizd.

Slavic mlom

Slavic mlom yog cov ntoo ntoo uas muaj qhov siab txog 2-2.5 m siab. Nyob rau sab xis, tus Tswv muaj peev xwm tuav tau ib rab ntaj, ib lub nplhaib los yog ib tug hneev. Qee lub sij hawm lub caj npab ntawm Vajtswv tau hla ntawm lub hauv siab. Hauv qhov no, txoj cai feem ntau yog nyob rau sab laug. Hauv qee qhov keeb kwmhais yog ua los ntawm lub neej ntawm cov mlom ua los ntawm lwm yam ntaub ntawv - tooj liab, marble, kub los yog nyiaj. Archaeologists kuj pom pob zeb cult pej thuam.

Cov tuam tsev Slavic
Cov tuam tsev Slavic

Natural Sanctuaries

Txoj kab ke ntawm pagan rituals feem ntau yog los ntawm kev xaiv cov lus zoo ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog lub zog ntawm xwm. Nyob rau hauv ib qho tshwm sim uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm los yog lwm xyoo ntawm lub xyoo, cov pagans pom lub dawb ceev lub hwj chim siab dua. Yog li ntawd, cov Slavs muaj ib tug zoo heev tsim system ntawm veneration ntawm ntau yam dawb ceev qhov chaw - groves, tsev so ntoo, pob zeb, springs, pas dej, swamps, thiab lwm yam.

Yog li no, lub tuam tsev yog qhov chaw ua kev cai raus dej rau cov dab pegan. Cov qauv qub qub no, uas tau xyaum tsis muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, tau los ua cov qauv ntawm cov tsev teev ntuj niaj hnub no. Tshwj xeeb, qee cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias ntau lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox, nrog rau cov khoom vaj khoom tsev zoo li lub octagon, muaj cov keeb kwm qub txeeg qub teg.

Pom zoo: