Biography ntawm Elkonin D. B.: sawv thiab poob, poob thiab nce

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Biography ntawm Elkonin D. B.: sawv thiab poob, poob thiab nce
Biography ntawm Elkonin D. B.: sawv thiab poob, poob thiab nce

Video: Biography ntawm Elkonin D. B.: sawv thiab poob, poob thiab nce

Video: Biography ntawm Elkonin D. B.: sawv thiab poob, poob thiab nce
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Daniil Borisovich Elkonin belongs rau lub galaxy zoo kawg nkaus ntawm Soviet cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws, uas tsim lub hauv paus ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm tsis muaj tus kws tshawb fawb nto moo Vygotsky.

Daniil Borisovich ua ke lub txiaj ntsim ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb, muaj peev xwm kawm tob txog cov teeb meem kev kawm, thiab cov txuj ci ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb, daws cov teeb meem puas siab puas ntsws uas tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm pedagogical. Tus kws kho mob puas siab puas ntsws yog tus tsim ntawm cov kev xav zoo kawg nkaus ntawm kev ncua sij hawm ntawm preschool maturation thiab menyuam yaus kev ua si, nrog rau cov thev naus laus zis ntawm kev qhia tus menyuam nyeem ntawv. Thiab ib qho ntxiv yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg txog Daniil Borisovich - nws muaj tus ntsuj plig tshwj xeeb ntawm tus neeg muaj zog thiab zoo siab uas muaj peev xwm cawm tau nws lub siab zoo thiab kev ua siab zoo mus txog rau hnub kawg. Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub pedagogy, nws tej hauj lwm tseem ceeb heev. Phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv ntawm D. B. Elkonin thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm ob txoj haujlwm loj tuaj yeem pom hauv qab no.

Elkonin thiab cov npoj yaig
Elkonin thiab cov npoj yaig

Tus kws tshawb fawb tau yug rau lub Ob Hlis (16thxov tooj) 1904 nyob rau hauv lub xeev Poltava. Xyoo 1914, nws nkag mus hauv Poltava gymnasium, uas nws raug yuam kom tawm ob peb xyoos tom qab vim tsis muaj nyiaj txiag hauv tsev neeg. Ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, nws ua hauj lwm ua ib tug tub ceev xwm ntawm cov tub rog-kev kawm, ib tug xib fwb nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam lub colony, uas muaj cov me nyuam yaus delinquents. Xyoo 1924 nws raug xa mus kawm hauv University of Social Education, uas nyob hauv Leningrad. Tsis ntev lub tsev kawm ntawv tau txuas mus rau Leningrad State pedagogical Institute. Herzen.

Xyoo 1927 nws kawm tiav los ntawm pedagogical kws qhia ntawv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no, thiab ces ua hauj lwm rau 2 xyoo raws li ib tug xib fwb-pedologist ntawm ib tug me nyuam lub tsev kawm ntawv vocational school. Nyob rau hauv 1929 nws pib qhia nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv nws tshwj xeeb. Txij xyoo 1931 nws tau ua haujlwm nrog lwm tus kws tshawb fawb, tsim teeb meem ntawm kev ua si ntawm menyuam yaus. Raws li nws hais, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv classical societies, kev ua si yog suav hais tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov me nyuam. Nrog kev pab ntawm cov khoom ua si uas ua raws li cov cuab yeej txo qis, lawv tau txais ntau yam txuj ci. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom ua si muab cov ntaub ntawv pom txog tib neeg nyob ib puag ncig (cov qauv ntawm cov khoom siv tiag tiag thiab cov menyuam roj hmab hauv khaub ncaws), pab txhawb kev tsim lub cev ntawm cov menyuam yaus.

Elkonin d b thaum yau dab neeg ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb: Tsev Neeg lub neej
Elkonin d b thaum yau dab neeg ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb: Tsev Neeg lub neej

Rise and fall

Xyoo 1932, Elkonin tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, qhov twg, qhov tseeb, nws ua haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm nws cov ntawv tau luam tawm, mob siab rau txoj kev kawm ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov me nyuam txoj kev ua si: kev ua si, kawm, kev sib txuas lus, thiab lwm yam. Nws ntseeg hais tias los ntawm cov kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, ib tug preschooler nkag siab.cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg kab lis kev cai, nyob rau hauv no txoj kev nws lub paj hlwb yog maj mam tsim. Tom qab luam tawm xyoo 1936 ntawm qhov kev txiav txim nto moo "Ntawm pedological perversions nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm Narkompros", nws raug tshem tawm ntawm tag nrho cov posts yam tsis muaj kev zam.

Kev qhia ua haujlwm

Nrog kev nyuaj heev, nws muaj hmoo tau ua haujlwm ua tus kws qhia qib 1 hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv uas nws cov menyuam kawm. Kev ua haujlwm nrog cov menyuam kawm ntawv tseem ceeb heev rau tus kws kho mob hlwb D. B. Elkonin. Tsis muaj caij nyoog mus ua hauj lwm lwm qhov, nws muab tag nrho nws lub zog rau lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab nyob rau hauv 1938-1940. tsim ib tug primer thiab ib phau ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus, npaj rau cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tej thaj chaw deb nroog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau los ua PhD zaum 2.

d b elkonin biography luv luv
d b elkonin biography luv luv

Tsov Rog

Xyoo 1941, nws tau koom nrog pab tub rog hauv tebchaws. Nws tau koom nrog hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm Leningrad, xaus kev tsov rog ua ib qho tseem ceeb. Nws tshwm sim los ua siab tawv heev: nws tus poj niam thiab tus ntxhais tuag hauv Caucasus, khiav tawm ntawm lawv lub nroog. Psychologist tsis tau demobilized, es tsis txhob nws tau muab tso rau hauv ib tug qhia txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub Soviet pab tub rog. Tsis tas li ntawd, Elkonin tau qhia txog kev puas siab puas ntsws, nyiam ua haujlwm hauv kev kawm: nws tau tsim cov hauv paus ntawm kev kawm hauv kev xav ntawm cov tub rog. Cov haujlwm ntawm tus kws tshawb fawb tsis haum nws cov thawj coj.

Cov phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm D. B. Elkonin yuav tsum ua kom tiav nrog hnub nws tuag. Tus kws tshawb fawb tau tuag thaum Lub Kaum Hli 4, 1984. Tau ntsib kev mob hnyav heev hauv nws lub neej, txawm li cas los xij nws tau txais lub zog ntawm nws tus kheej rau kev kawm, kev sib txuas lus nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov menyuam yaus. ATntawm nws tus kheej txoj kev xav ntawm periodization ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws txoj kev loj hlob, nws generalizes cov lus xaus ntawm ntau nrov me nyuam psychologists, tsim nws tus kheej txoj kev xav ntawm lawv lub hauv paus. D. B. Elkonin tau siv zog txaus los txhim kho txoj kev kawm hauv peb lub xeev. Nws tau paub thoob ntiaj teb tias yog tus kws tshaj lij kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab kws qhia ntawv.

Cov phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm D. B. Elkonin yog qhov nthuav heev, zoo li nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Muaj ntau tshaj ib thiab ib nrab pua ntawm lawv. Hauv qab no yog ob qho uas paub txog cov neeg coob coob.

psychologist elkonin d b biography
psychologist elkonin d b biography

Hnub nyoog thiab tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov hluas

Elkonin tau tsim lub tswv yim ntawm kev ncua sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub hlwb ntawm tus menyuam. Nws tau hais los ntawm qhov tseeb tias hnub nyoog thiab hnub nyoog tshwj xeeb yog cov ntsiab lus txhais, thiab tsuas yog ntau lub hnub nyoog dav dav raug tso cai sib cais. Tus kws tshawb fawb tau txheeb xyuas cov hnub nyoog loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus raws li kev hloov pauv ntawm tus cwj pwm, nrog rau kev hloov pauv hauv lub neej txoj haujlwm thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig, kev loj hlob ntawm txhua theem ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tshiab thiab kev xav ntawm tus cwj pwm. Kev puas siab puas ntsws tsim ntawm cov menyuam yaus tshwm sim nyob rau hauv leaps thiab ciam teb: muaj evolutionary lub sij hawm, txaus ntshai theem. Thaum lub sij hawm evolutionary theem, cov kev hloov hauv lub hlwb sib sau ua ke nyob rau lub sij hawm, ces dhia yog ua, lub sij hawm uas tus me nyuam kawm ntawv mus rau ib tug tshiab theem ntawm lub hnub nyoog tsim.

d b elkonin biography thiab tej hauj lwm tseem ceeb
d b elkonin biography thiab tej hauj lwm tseem ceeb

Psychology of the game

Lub monograph qhia txog qhov tseem ceebcov ntaub ntawv ntawm psychology ntawm kev ua si. Tus kws tshawb fawb muab kev tshawb fawb ua tiav ntawm cov kev xav txawv teb chaws ntawm kev ua si ntawm qib theoretical thiab sim sib cav rau qhov tshiab (tsim nrog nws txoj kev koom tes ncaj qha) sawv cev ntawm qhov kev ua si, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv Soviet psychology, qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua si rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws. ntawm cov me nyuam. Phau ntawv no yog npaj rau cov kws tshaj lij - cov kws tshawb fawb hauv kev qhia txog kev xav thiab kev xav.

Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab keeb kwm ntawm D. B. Elkonin, tus kws paub txog kev puas siab puas ntsws thiab tsuas yog ib tus neeg tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb, qhia nws tias yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb zoo tiag tiag uas nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb.

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