Tver yog ib lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws Russia. Nws cov creation hnub rov qab mus rau 1135, thiab nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th, lub cheeb tsam tau muaj zog thiab muaj peev xwm mus dissociate nws tus kheej mus rau hauv ib tug ywj siab thawj coj. Lub Cathedral ntawm Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus Cawm Seej, nyob hauv Tver, tau tsim los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 13th. Nws tau dhau los ua qhov ntxov tshaj plaws monumental tsev tsim nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam Suzdal tom qab ntxeem tau ntawm Mongol-Tatars. Thiab ua li cas lub Tver diocese, ib qho ntawm feem ancient nyob rau hauv Orthodoxy, tsim? Txhawm rau teb cov lus nug no, peb yuav tsum pib nrog keeb kwm ntawm nws keeb kwm.
Diocese ntawm Tver thiab Kashin ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj
Keeb kwm ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox hauv Russia muaj ntau tshaj li ib txhiab xyoo. Tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua kaum, thiab tam sim no muaj txog 150 lab cov ntseeg. Nws yog suav hais tias yog qhov loj tshaj plaws autocephalous lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox hauv ntiaj teb. Nws lub ntsiab thaj chaw yog lub diocese. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hais tias thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua no muaj 132 ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj. Nws unites lub monasteries, monasteries thiab parishes nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no. Ib tug hlobyog lub diocese ntawm Tver thiab Kashin.
Kev tshwm sim ntawm Tver diocese
Lub diocese yog ib feem ntawm Metropolis ntawm Tver. Nws tau hu ua ib tug ywj pheej diocese ntawm Polotsk thaum lub sij hawm lub reign ntawm Grand Duke Yaroslav Yaroslavich. Qhov no tshwm sim tsis pub dhau 1271. Nyob rau hauv cov ciaj sia taus, lub xyoo no yog sau raws li lub sij hawm ntawm faus Grand Duke nyob rau hauv Tver los ntawm Npis Sov Simeon. Thaum pib, thaj chaw ntawm lub diocese npog tag nrho cov thawj tswj hwm ntawm Tver. Nyob rau hauv 1589 ib tug archdiocese tau tsim muaj. Xyoo 1681, muaj kev txiav txim siab tsa lub cathedra mus rau qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog loj, tab sis nws tau raug tshem tawm sai sai.
History of the diocese in the XVII-XIX centuries
Nyob rau hauv cov hierarchy uas twb muaj lawm, Tver diocese nyob ib sab ntawm Ryazan, thiab los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th - tom qab Vologda. Txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19 nws yog lub thib kaum ib. Nws ua raws li Ryazan cov lus qhuab qhia. Thaum lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1836, Staritsky Vicariate tau pom zoo hauv nws. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias txij li thaum lub diocese tshwm sim, xya caum-yim tus npis sov tau ua tiav ib leeg. Tus Archbishop ntawm Tver thiab Kashinsky, uas tam sim no mus rau nws, yog xya caum cuaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov npe.
Tver thiab Kashin diocese nyob rau xyoo pua nees nkaum
Ib xyoo dhau los, Tver diocese tau suav tias yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv cov qauv ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj. Xyoo 1917 nws suav nrog 36 lub koom haum monastic. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nunneries ntawm Tver diocese muaj ntau dua - muaj 19 ntawm lawv. Ces muaj ntau tshaj li ib thiab ib nrab lab Orthodox parishioners nyob rau hauv nws. Tag nrho cov tuam tsev yog1204.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub Koom Txoos Orthodox nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv 20-30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem tau cim los ntawm kev tsim txom tsis tu ncua ntawm txiv plig thiab devout parishioners. Txoj hmoo phem no tsis tau hla Tver diocese. Lub sijhawm nees nkaum xyoo ua ntej tsov rog, cov txiv plig nyob hauv nws tau txo los ntawm yuav luag plaub txhiab rau tsawg dua tsib caug. Ces tag nrho lub tsev teev ntuj dawb huv ntawm lub diocese raug kaw.
Diocese now
Lub sijhawm xyoo pua, lub diocese hloov nws lub npe ob peb zaug, thiab tau 15 xyoo tam sim no nws tau hu ua Tver thiab Kashin. Xyoo 1940, Trinity Cathedral ntawm Tver tau lees paub tias yog lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub diocese txuas tag nrho cov parishes thiab monasteries uas nyob rau ntawm nws thaj chaw. Peb thiab ib nrab xyoo dhau los, Bezhetskaya thiab Rzhevskaya diocese tau sib cais los ntawm Tver diocese, thiab lub nroog tau tsim nyob rau hauv ciam teb ntawm cheeb tsam. Tam sim no nws tau coj los ntawm Lub Nroog Tver thiab Kashin - Viktor.
Lub chaw ua haujlwm nyob hauv plawv ntawm lub chaw hauv cheeb tsam. Nws muaj ib tug complex qauv, nrog rau ntau yam kev faib. Ntawm lawv yog lub tsev qiv ntawv, kev pabcuam pej xeem kev sib raug zoo, chav haujlwm rau cov hluas, nrog rau kev kawm kev cai dab qhuas thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub diocesan thawj coj, tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ib lub tsev kawm hu nkauj hu nkauj, lub tsev kawm ntawv xaws, khw rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev teev ntuj thiab cov ntaub ntawv kev cai dab qhuas, thiab lwm qhov chaw.
Lub nroog ntawm Tver thiab Kashinsky Victor
Yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus cwj pwm ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub diocese. Yog li ntawd, lub nroog Tver thiab Kashinsky Victor tuaj rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 21, 1940 nyob rau hauv Pochaev, Kremenets koog tsev kawm ntawv, Ternopil cheeb tsam.
Nws yogtus tub ua haujlwm. Hauv tsev kawm ntawv, nws raug ntiab tawm mus rau lub tuam tsev thiab raug yuam kom tawm ntawm nws txoj kev ntseeg.
Xyoo 1966 nws kawm tiav los ntawm Leningrad Theological Academy ua tus neeg sib tw ntawm kev ntseeg. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 26 xyoo, nws tau raug tsa ua ib tug hauj sam. Nws tau txais lub npe tshiab nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm martyr Victor. Nyob rau hauv 1988, nws tau tsa Npis Sov ntawm Kalinin, thiab ob xyoos tom qab ntawd - Tver thiab Kashinsky. Thaum kawg ntawm 2011, nws tau raug tsa los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Tver Metropolis. Nws muaj ob peb lub tsev teev ntuj siab thiab xaj. Nws tau txais kev tshoov siab thiab ua haujlwm rau tus kheej kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm Metropolis
kev ua haujlwm ntawm Diocese hnub no
Tam sim no, Tver diocese tau koom nrog kev sib raug zoo thiab kev kawm ua haujlwm. Nws txhawb kev sib kis ntawm Orthodoxy ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas, koom tes nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv cheeb tsam. Cov tuam tsev tshwj xeeb ntawm lub diocese tau koom nrog kev pab cov neeg txom nyem hauv zej zog - faib zaub mov, khaub ncaws thiab lwm yam khoom tsim nyog. Ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev quav yeeb tshuaj thiab haus dej cawv, tuav cov rooj sib tham thiab kev kawm nrog cov tub ntxhais hluas.
Lub koom haum lub Koom Txoos muab txhua yam kev pab rau cov menyuam ntsuag nyob hauv cheeb tsam Tver. Nws khiav ib tug xov tooj ntawm charitable canteens thiab orphanages. Ntau qhov kev tshaj tawm xov xwm tau tshaj tawm raws li kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub diocese, thiab kev ua ub no kuj muaj nyob hauv qee qhov kev tshaj tawm xov xwm.
Pab nyiaj laus thiab cov neeg xiam oob khab, txhawb cov neeg pluag, kev paub thiab kev ntseeg ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas - tag nrho cov no yog kev mob siab rau thiab txhawb nqaTver diocese koom nrog, cov txiv plig uas niaj hnub tuav cov rooj sib tham los txiav txim siab ua haujlwm ntxiv.
Tuam Tsev thiab monasteries ntawm Tver diocese
Tam sim no muaj 15 lub tsev teev ntuj, suav nrog 10 tus poj niam. Ntawm cov no, 12 yog active. Cov laus tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - Staritsky Svyato-Uspensky - yog tshaj 900 xyoo. Nyob rau thaj tsam ntawm lub diocese kuj yog Skate ntawm Vladychnya-Marfo-Mariinsky Convent. Qhov no yog ib tug stauropegial nunnery nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb kev txiav txim ntawm hav zoov. Tam sim no muaj chaw nyob rau cov menyuam ntsuag, nrog rau lub tsev noj mov siab dawb.
Thaum pib ntawm ib puas xyoo dhau los, muaj li tsib caug pawg ntseeg hauv Tver. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau ntawm lawv tau raug rhuav tshem nyob rau hauv lub 30s, thaum muaj ib tug active kev loj hlob ntawm lub regional center. Cov tsev teev ntuj ntawm Tver diocese nyob thoob plaws hauv cheeb tsam. Qhov tseem ceeb yog Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Sawv Rov Los, ua rau xyoo 1913 nrog cov nyiaj ntawm tsev neeg muaj koob muaj npe thiab kev nqis peev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj nws tus kheej rau lub sijhawm 300 xyoo ntawm kev tsim ntawm Romanov dynasty.
Nws tseem tsim nyog hais txog lub Koom Txoos Trinity hauv Zatmachye - qhov qub tshaj plaws thiab ntawm cov tuam tsev zeb tseem muaj sia nyob thiab lub tsev teev ntuj qub tshaj plaws hauv lub nroog Tver. Nws tsev lub nkoj nrog cov relics ntawm St. Macarius tus Wonderworker. Ntau lub monastic thiab npis sov lub tsev nyob kuj yog subordinate rau lub diocese.
Ascetics thiab miraculous chaw ntawm diocese
Ntawm cov npisov uas kav lub Tver cathedra yog cov dawb huv ascetics thiab cov xibhwb ntawm cov ntseeg txoj kev ntseeg. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, qhov no yog St. Arseny tus Wonderworker, tus tsim ntawm ntau lub tuam tsev thiab cov tuam tsev. Tver cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, ntau tshaj 150 ascetics los ntawm cov chaw no tau canonized li neeg dawb huv. Ob peb xyoos dhau los - ntau tshaj 90 tus tshiab martyrs ntawm Tver av. Tau kaum rau xyoo, kev ua koob tsheej tau tuav hauv lawv lub cim xeeb rau lub Cuaj Hlis 19.
Lub diocese ntawm Tver tsis tu ncua thiab hwm kev tiv thaiv cov thaj neeb uas tsis muaj nqi ntawm Orthodox Christian txoj kev ntseeg. Lawv tau khaws cia rau ntau pua xyoo hauv nws cov tuam tsev, monasteries thiab cathedrals. Thiab tam sim no lawv nyiam cov ntseeg los ntawm ntau lub nroog thiab yog cov khoom ntawm kev hwm rau cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam.
Nrog rau cov relics ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv Princess Anna Kashinskaya, lub cim ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv Vaj Ntxwv Michael thiab ntau, ntau lwm tus. Tam sim no kev mus ncig ua si tau tuav hauv Tver av. Muaj ntau qhov chaw zoo nyob hauv lub tebchaws uas tau koob hmoov no. Cov neeg uas kho tsis tau thiab mob hnyav tuaj txog hauv lub zos Maslovo, Staritsky District, Tver Region. Muaj ob lub qhov dej uas muaj txuj ci tseem ceeb. Cov neeg nyob hauv lub zos hu ua lawv nyob thiab cov dej tuag thiab ntseeg tias ib tug ntawm lawv txhawb kev kho mob los ntawm kev mob hnyav, thiab qhov thib ob pab qhov muag pom.
Yog li, Tver diocese ntawm Lavxias teb sab Orthodox lub tsev teev ntuj tseem yog ib qho chaw ruaj khov ntawm Orthodox Christianity.
