Sergius ntawm Radonezh: relics, icons, tuam tsev. Dawb Huv Trinity Sergius Lavra

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Sergius ntawm Radonezh: relics, icons, tuam tsev. Dawb Huv Trinity Sergius Lavra
Sergius ntawm Radonezh: relics, icons, tuam tsev. Dawb Huv Trinity Sergius Lavra

Video: Sergius ntawm Radonezh: relics, icons, tuam tsev. Dawb Huv Trinity Sergius Lavra

Video: Sergius ntawm Radonezh: relics, icons, tuam tsev. Dawb Huv Trinity Sergius Lavra
Video: Yuav tawm ntawm txoj kev txom nyem tau li cas? 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh yog ib tug hieromonk ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub tsev teev ntuj, tus tsim ntawm monasteries, cov uas yog cov paub zoo Trinity-Sergius Lavra. Nws tsis yog rau tsis muaj dab tsi uas cov neeg dawb huv no hu ua tus tiv thaiv ntawm thaj av Lavxias, nws tau ua txhua yam los sib sau ua ke rau qhov kev txiav txim siab rau cov yeeb ncuab conquerors. Kev tshwm sim ntawm sab ntsuj plig kab lis kev cai ntawm Dawb Huv Russia yog txuam nrog nws lub npe, nws tau los ua tus tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab kev laus laus, nrog nws monasticism tau rov pib dua, uas tau pib los ntawm tus yawm ascetics Anthony thiab Theodosius ntawm Kiev Qhov tsua. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XV, Sergius ntawm Radonezh tau canonized raws li ib tug neeg dawb huv. Thiab ua ntej teb cov lus nug uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau txog qhov twg cov relics ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh nyob, cia peb thawj plunge rau hauv lub neej zaj dab neeg ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus neeg dawb huv.

Sergius ntawm Radonezh relics
Sergius ntawm Radonezh relics

Lub Neej

Leej Txiv uas muaj Vajtswv tau yug los rau lub Tsib Hlis 3, 1314 rau hauv ib tsev neeg pious ntawm Cyril thiab Mary (uas kuj yog canonized) hauv Rostov. Muaj tseeb, nws lub npe yog Bartholomew. Tus Tswv nws tus kheej tau xaiv nws los ua haujlwm rau tib neeg. Tus cev xeeb tub Mary, sawv ntawm kev pabcuam hauv lub tuam tsev, dheev hnov tus menyuam quaj peb zaug ntawm nws plab, cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig nws hnov, thiab tus pov thawj nws tus kheej, uas tam sim ntawd paub tias yuav muaj ib tug thawjcoj tiag tiag yuav los sai sai no. Kev ntseeg Orthodox.

Thaum nws tseem hluas, Bartholomew raug xa mus kawm hauv tsev kawm, tab sis kev nco tsis muaj zog tsis tau muab sijhawm rau nws kawm tau zoo. Muaj ib zaug, taug kev hauv hav zoov Oak, nws pom ib tug yawg laus uas zoo li ib tug tim tswv, thiab nws foom koob hmoov rau nws kom kawm tau ntawv zoo. Bartholomew siv sijhawm ntev los nyeem Vajluskub Vajluskub, nws xav muab nws lub neej rau Vajtswv thiab ua ib tug mlom, tiamsis thaum nws niam nws txiv tseem muaj txojsia nyob, nws tau cog lus rau nws tus kheej.

Tsis ntev lawv tsev neeg tau tsiv tawm ntawm Rostov mus rau Radonezh, qhov chaw tom qab ib ntus lawv niam lawv txiv tau rov qab los rau ntawm tus Tswv. Nyob rau hauv 1337, Bartholomew muab tag nrho nws cov khoom thiab, nrog rau nws tus tij laug Stefan, uas twb yog ib tug hauj sam ntawm lub Intercession Monastery, nyob rau ntawm ib tug deserted toj Makovets. Tsis ntev tus tij laug sawv tsis taus txoj sia nyob tom roob moj sab qhua thiab rov qab los rau cov kwv tij.

Bartolomew nyob ib leeg, ces nws muaj 23 xyoo. Muaj ib hnub Hieromonk Mitrofan tuaj rau nws thiab foom koob hmoov rau nws rau monasticism nrog lub npe Sergius.

Tus pious pious tau pom sai heev nyob rau hauv koog tsev kawm ntawv, thiab lwm cov hauj sam raug rub los rau nws. Ua ke lawv tau pib ua ib lub tsev teev ntuj me me hauv kev hwm ntawm Vaj Ntsuj Plig Dawb Huv. Tom qab ntawd, nrog Vajtswv txoj kev pab, ua ib lub tsev teev ntuj. Archimandrite Simon ntawm Smolensk ib zaug tshwj xeeb tuaj xyuas lawv thiab muab khoom plig muaj nuj nqis rau cov kwv tij kom nthuav lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tsim lub tsev teev ntuj loj.

Qhov twg yog cov relics ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh
Qhov twg yog cov relics ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh

Holy Trinity Sergius Lavra

Txij li xyoo 1355, nrog kev foom koob hmoov ntawm Patriarch ntawm Constantinople Philotheus, ib daim ntawv cog lus cenobitic tau txais los ntawm Leej Txiv Sergius ntawm Radonezh lub tsev teev ntuj. Tsis ntev dhau los lub Vaj Ntsuj Trinity Monastery tau los uaqhov chaw ntawm Moscow thaj av, txhawb nqa los ntawm cov princes. Nws nyob ntawm no tias Sergius ntawm Radonezh foom koob hmoov rau Dmitry Donskoy rau kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kulikovo (Cuaj hlis 21, 1380).

St. Sergius muab nws tus plig rau tus Tswv thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 25, 1392. Nws pom qhov no thiab tau sau cov kwv tij ua ntej los foom koob hmoov rau nws cov thwj tim, tus neeg txawj ntse thiab paub txog St. Nikon, rau lub abbess.

St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv kev koom ua ke ntawm Russia. Nws ua qhov tsis yooj yim sua - nws tau sib haum xeeb ob lub sijhawm ntawd kev ntseeg kev ntseeg. Nws tau piav qhia rau Vedic Russians tias kev ntseeg Yexus Khetos tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog Western Christianity thiab tias Tswv Yexus tsis tau qhia txog kev crusades, kev puas tsuaj ntawm Vedic mlom, thiab hlawv ntawm heretics ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg. Nws tau piav qhia rau txhua tus tias tam sim no tsis muaj sijhawm rau kev ua phem thaum cov ntseeg cuav uas yog neeg sab hnub poob tuaj. Cov pseudo-Christians, nyob rau hauv lub npog ntawm lub npe ntawm Tswv Yexus, ua txhaum loj tshaj plaws. St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh yog ib tug neeg tu siab tiag tiag ntawm Lavxias teb sab av, nws ib txwm thov Vajtswv rau Russia, kom nws tus yeeb ncuab ceev faj tsis txhob kov yeej nws.

lub icon ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh pab nyob rau hauv dab tsi
lub icon ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh pab nyob rau hauv dab tsi

phab ntsa ntawm lub tuam tsev

Cov qub txeeg qub teg rau lub zwm txwv huab tais Vasily III thiab Ivan the Terrible tau ua kev cai raus dej hauv lub Tsev Dawb Huv Trinity nto moo. Tsis ntev no lub tsev teev ntuj tau hloov mus ua ib lub fortress tiv thaiv, uas yog surrounded los ntawm pob zeb phab ntsa nrog 12 yees. Ivan the Terrible tus kheej saib xyuas kev tsim kho. Tag nrho cov no tom qab ntawd los ua ke thaum tiv thaiv cov tub rog ntawm False Dmitry II.

Nyob rau xyoo 1608-1609, Sergiev Posad av tau tshem tawm cov tub rog muaj zog ntawm ntau txhiab tus tub rog hauv qab.coj los ntawm tus tswv xeev Sapieha thiab Lisovsky. Tom qab ntawd cov nom tswv Lavxias yog Tub Vaj Ntxwv G. B. Roscha-Dolgoruky thiab cov nom tswv Alexei Golokhvastov. Lawv thov Vajtswv tsis tu ncua thiab paub tias St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh ib txwm pab lawv. Lawv khaws nws cov relics zoo li cov kua ntawm lawv lub qhov muag. Ntawm lub qhov ntxa ntawm tus txwj laus dawb huv, sawv daws hnia tus ntoo khaub lig thiab cog lus tias lawv yuav tsis tso lawv lub tsev teev ntuj tseg.

Saint Sergius ntawm Radonezh
Saint Sergius ntawm Radonezh

Lub cim ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh: pab tau dab tsi?

Nyob hauv txhua lub tsev teev ntuj koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab ntawm Reverend Txwj Laug Sergius. Nws lub cim ua rau peb saib tob, muaj kev txo hwj chim thiab kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 3 / Tsib Hlis 16, 2014, hnub tseem ceeb tau ua kev zoo siab - 700th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm hnub yug ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh, uas txhua tus neeg suav tias yog neeg dawb huv thaum nws lub neej. Nws tau txais kev hwm los ntawm ntau tus thawj coj, cov thawj coj, tub rog thiab cov tib neeg.

Ntau tus tsis muaj txiaj ntsig txaus siab rau lo lus nug: "Lub cim ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh pab dab tsi?" Cov neeg thov Vajtswv tiag tiag tig mus rau lub ntsej muag ntawm ib tug neeg dawb huv thiaj li tau txais kev tiv thaiv thiab kev pab cuam hauv lub neej tsis zoo. Thiab cov niam txiv thov nws rau lawv cov menyuam kom lawv kawm tau ntawv zoo, coj zoo thiab ua siab zoo thiab tsis txhob poob rau ib tus neeg phem.

Miraculous relics ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh
Miraculous relics ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh

Thov Vajtswv Pab

Tsis muaj leej twg nyob tsis tau los ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh: nws cov khoom plig muaj lub zog uas tuaj yeem kho tau. Cov xibhwb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj tau piav qhia txog ntau qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev kho kom zoo.

Nws ua rau sawv daws xav txog lawv lub neej thiab xav tias lawv puas npaj txhij los tso lawv txoj sia rau Leej NiamKoj tus kheej, zoo li peb cov poj koob yawm txwv tau ua nrog kev pab los ntawm tus kws saib xyuas dawb huv?

Tus saib xyuas tiag tiag ntawm Russia los ntawm nws cov yeeb ncuab yog St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh. Cov relics, uas ntau pua txhiab tus neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tuaj, yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb thiab kho tau zoo.

Tus txwj laus dawb huv tau tawm mus rau tus Tswv thaum lub Cuaj Hlis 25/Lub Kaum Hli 8, 1392. Tom qab peb xyoos lawm, cov txuj ci tseem ceeb ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh tau pom zoo, uas tau khaws cia hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntev li ntev tau muaj kev nyab xeeb.

Ntau tus neeg txaus siab rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas venerate relics kom zoo. Raws li niaj zaus, txhua leej txhua tus venerates tsuas yog cov nyiaj reliquary nyob rau hauv uas lub relics ntawm tus dawb huv txiv Sergius tau khaws cia, qhov twg ib tug tshwj xeeb nrov plig plawg yog ua nyob rau hauv lub taub hau, uas yog tej zaum qhib, ces nws yog tau mus venerate lub taub hau ntawm lub npog. Saint.

Miraculous relics ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh
Miraculous relics ntawm St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh

History of relics

Lub ntsiab lus "Sergius ntawm Radonezh: relics" Kuv xav ntxiv ib zaj dab neeg zoo kawg nkaus ntawm tus tub xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus pov thawj Pavel Florensky. Nyob rau Lazarus hnub Saturday ua ntej Easter 1919, lub relics ntawm cov neeg dawb huv yuav tsum tau qhib los ntawm Soviet cov tub ceev xwm. Kev nyab xeeb ntawm relics tau nug. Leej Txiv Pavel paub txog qhov no, uas tau npaj lub rooj sib tham zais cia nrog tus abbot ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, Leej Txiv Kronid, suav Yu A. Olsufiev (tus tswv cuab ntawm pawg thawj coj saib xyuas kev tiv thaiv monuments), S. P. Mansurov thiab M. V. Shik, uas tom qab ntawd los ua. cov pov thawj. Lawv nyiag tuaj rau ntawm Trinity Cathedral, nyeem ib qho kev thov Vajtswv ua ntej lub thaj neeb nrog cov relics ntawm cov neeg dawb huv, ces nrog kev pab los ntawm ib tug hmuv lawv cais lub taub hau ntawm cov neeg dawb huv thiab hloov nws nrog lub taub hau ntawm ib tug qub.faus nyob rau hauv lub Lavra ntawm Prince Trubetskoy. Lub taub hau ntawm St. Sergius tau raug tso tseg ib ntus kom khaws cia rau hauv kev dawb huv. Suav Olsufiev ces muab lub taub hau ntawm tus mlom nyob rau hauv ib tug ntoo qhib lub nkoj thiab pib khaws cia nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev (Sergiev Posad, Valovaya st.). Xyoo 1928, ntshai raug ntes, nws muab lub nkoj faus rau hauv nws lub vaj.

Kev ua tiav

Xyoo 1933, tom qab Pavel txiv raug ntes, Olsufiev tau khiav mus rau Nizhny Novgorod, qhov chaw nws tau qhia zaj dab neeg no rau Pavel Alexandrovich Golubtsov (lub neej yav tom ntej Npis Sov Sergius, Npis Sov ntawm Novgorod), uas sai sai tau tswj hwm lub nkoj los ntawm cov suav. lub vaj thiab tsiv mus rau Nikolo-Ugreshsky Monastery nyob ze Moscow. Nyob ntawd lub nkoj tau khaws cia mus txog thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Loj Loj. Rov qab los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, Golubtsov tau muab lub reliquary nrog lub thaj neeb rau Olsufiev tus saws tus ntxhais E. P. Vasilchikova, uas nyiag muab lub taub hau hwm ntawm St. Sergius rau Patriarch Alexy I nyob rau hauv 1946. Thiab nws foom koob hmoov rau nws kom rov qab mus rau lub Trinity-Sergius Lavra. thaum nws rov qhib dua.

yuav ua li cas kom raug siv rau relics
yuav ua li cas kom raug siv rau relics

Zoo kawg

Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem teb cov lus nug: "Yuav ua li cas relics ntawm Sergius ntawm Radonezh nyob qhov twg?" Lawv tseem khaws cia nyob rau hauv Vajluskub Trinity Lavra. Yuav luag txhua txhua hnub, ntau txhiab tus neeg taug kev tuaj thov Vajtswv rau qhov chaw dawb huv. Nyob rau hauv lub Lavra, nyob ze ntawm lub relics, tej txuj ci tseem ceeb tshwm sim, uas tsis mus unnoticed thiab sau nyob rau hauv kom meej kom txhua leej txhua tus muaj kev ntseeg thiab kev cia siab rau kho.

Kev hwm ntawm Monk Abbot Sergius, ntau lub tsev teev ntuj thiab cov tsev teev ntuj tau tsim hauv Moscow thiab cheeb tsam Moscow, hauv St.thaj chaw, hauv Arkhangelsk, Tula, Tyumen thiab lwm thaj chaw.

Pom zoo: