Epiphany Cathedral, Orel: chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm thiab yees duab

Cov txheej txheem:

Epiphany Cathedral, Orel: chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm thiab yees duab
Epiphany Cathedral, Orel: chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm thiab yees duab

Video: Epiphany Cathedral, Orel: chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm thiab yees duab

Video: Epiphany Cathedral, Orel: chaw nyob, qhib sijhawm thiab yees duab
Video: 5 Yam: Txhob pub muaj nyob hauv Tsev (Tsis Zoo) 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Ntawm ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm ob tus dej (Orlik thiab Oka), qhov chaw uas Oryol fortress ib zaug sawv, tam sim no sawv ntawm lub Epiphany Cathedral majestic ntawm lub nroog Orel. Lub monument thaum ub, uas tau dim ntau lub sijhawm nyuaj ntawm lub neej ua ke nrog Russia, muaj ntau tshaj peb centuries ntawm nws cov keeb kwm, tab sis, raws li nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, yog ib qho ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm sab ntsuj plig ntawm cheeb tsam.

Epiphany Cathedral hauv Orel
Epiphany Cathedral hauv Orel

Lub tsev teev ntuj ntoo - lub forerunner ntawm lub cathedral

Pib nws keeb kwm, raws li nws feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib puas xyoo dhau los, nrog ib tug me me lub tsev teev ntuj ua nyob rau hauv 1646 thiab muab fij rau lub meej mom ntawm peb tus Tswv Yexus Khetos. Thiab nws lub npe yog tsim nyog - Bogoyavlenskaya. Tsis muaj ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov nws saib thiab nws loj npaum li cas. Nws tau los ua Vajtswv tes haujlwm thiab tib neeg tsis pub dhau ib puas xyoo.

Nyob nyuaj. Thaum lub sij hawm muaj teeb meem, lub nroog ntawm Oryol raug hlawv tag nrho los ntawm Polish thiab Lithuanian invaders, tom qab uas nws tau tso tseg rau yuav luag peb caug xyoo. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1636, Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich tau tshaj tawm tsab cai lij choj ntawm nws txoj kev kho kom rov qab los, thiab lub neej rov qab mus rau qhov qub tshauv, txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj kev tawm tsam tas li ntawm Tatar, nws hnav ib tug tub rog.character.

Tsim lub pob zeb Cathedral

Lub pob zeb tshiab Epiphany Cathedral (Oryol) tau tsim thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, thiab, raws li nws yuav tsum tau xav, tsis pub dhau 1714. Qhov no tuaj yeem xaus lus raws li tsab cai tshaj tawm xyoo ntawd los ntawm Peter I, uas txwv tsis pub tsim cov tsev pob zeb thoob plaws hauv Russia. Lub peev tshiab ntawm lub xeev tab tom tsim - St. Petersburg, thiab tag nrho cov stonemasons yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntug dej ntawm lub Neva. Qhov kev txwv no tau siv rau rau caum xyoo, thiab, tau kawg, Oryol architects yuav tsis tau ua txhaum nws.

Cathedral ntawm Epiphany hauv Orel
Cathedral ntawm Epiphany hauv Orel

Nyob rau yav tom ntej, lub tuam tsev tau rov ua dua, tab sis raws li cov duab kos thiab kos duab, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias nws yog ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm Moscow lossis, raws li lawv hais, Naryshkin baroque. Cov qauv no, nthuav dav hauv architecture ntawm 17th thiab thaum ntxov 18th centuries, tau txais nws lub npe los ntawm tsev neeg boyar ntawm Naryshkins, ntawm nws cov vaj tse vaj tse tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov tshiab no rau Russia thaum lub sijhawm ntawd.

Lub Cathedral ntawm Epiphany (Oryol) tsis ntseeg tau los ua ib qho khoom siv ntawm lub nroog, thiab thaum lub tsev teev ntuj tseem ceeb Nativity Cathedral poob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj, uas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub sixties ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, tag nrho cov solemn hierarchal cov kev pab cuam pib muaj. hauv nws. Ntau tus neeg tim khawv pom tau muaj sia nyob rau niaj hnub no, qhia txog qhov zoo nkauj uas lawv tau ua.

Kev tsim kho tom ntej ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj

Xyoo dhau mus, thiab cov qauv tshiab tau cuam tshuam lub xeev ntsiag to lub neej ntawm Orel. Lawv kuj tau kov architecture. Txhawm rau hloov qhov qubbaroque nrog nws lavish décor tuaj nruj thiab tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm classicism. Txij li thaum muaj ntau tus tub lag luam tseem ceeb ntawm cov parishioners ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj - cov neeg pious thiab nrog txhais tau tias, ces nyob rau hauv 1837 nws tau txiav txim siab los ua ib tug loj restructuring ntawm lub tsev, ua raws li lub peev tus qauv nyob rau hauv txhua yam. Cov yawg koob ntawm lub nroog thiab Vajtswv xav kom koob meej thiab tsis txhob tso lawv tus kheej.

Epiphany Cathedral hauv Orel
Epiphany Cathedral hauv Orel

Txoj kev npaj tau ua tiav txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws. Lub tuam tsev nws tus kheej tau nthuav dav thiab dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov porticos classical thiab loj apses - thaj chaw thaj chaw uas txuas nrog lub ntsiab ntim thiab hloov nws cov duab kos duab. Ua ke nrog lub baroque domes thiab tswb pej thuam uas tseem nyob rau hauv lawv daim ntawv qub, lub Epiphany Cathedral (Oryol) embodied nyob rau hauv nws cov tsos ntawm continuation ntawm ob architectural style.

"Leaning Ntauwd ntawm Pisa" ntawm ntug dej ntawm Orlik

Ib zaug ntxiv, kev tsim kho tau rov pib dua thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias lub tsev teev ntuj tswb pej thuam nyob rau hauv lub thirties ntawm lub xyoo pua dhau los pib maj mam lean mus rau sab. Tab sis txij li cov txheej txheem no qeeb heev, thiab nws qhov kev tsim kho tshiab yuav tsum muaj nyiaj txiag tseem ceeb, cov txiv hauv nroog tsis tau maj nrawm los ntsuas kom raug, tso siab rau Vajtswv txoj kev hlub tshua.

Txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm 1900, txoj kab nqes dhau los ua kev hem thawj uas tau tsim tsa pawg thawj coj, uas suav nrog ob tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kev pabcuam thiab cov neeg ntawm cov txiv plig. Tom qab kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm lub tswb pej thuam, txawm hais tias muaj kev lees paub los ntawm pawg ntseeg tias "nws tau sawv thiab yuav sawv rau lwm puas xyoo", nws tau txiav txim siab rhuav tshem nws.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm no lawv tsis maj. Yim xyoo dhau los ua ntej kev tsim kho tshiab pib ntawm qhov chaw qub tswb pej thuam, qhov project uas tau ua nyob rau hauv neo-Lavxias teb sab lossis, raws li nws tseem hu ua, pseudo-Lavxias style, uas suav nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke. kev lig kev cai ntawm ancient Lavxias teb sab thiab Byzantine architecture.

Qhov twg yog lub Cathedral ntawm Epiphany hauv Orel
Qhov twg yog lub Cathedral ntawm Epiphany hauv Orel

Nyob nyuaj

Lub Epiphany Cathedral (Oryol) tau muaj sia nyob thawj ob xyoo caum tom qab Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj tig nrog kev poob qis dua li lwm lub tsev teev ntuj hauv nroog. Nws tsis tau suav nrog hauv cov npe kaum xya ntawm nws cov kwv tij uas raug kaw tam sim ntawd, thiab txawm tias thaum lub sijhawm sib tw mus txeeb lub tsev teev ntuj, nws tsis raug nyiag tag nrho.

Nws cov teeb meem pib sai sai ua ntej ua tsov rog, thaum xyoo 1939 lub tswb pej thuam tshiab tau raug txiav kom tshem tawm. Lub vaunted ua ke ntawm qub Lavxias teb sab style nrog Byzantine kab lig kev cai tsis cawm nws. Thiab lub sij hawm no nws sawv ncaj ncaj, tsoom fwv tshiab tsuas yog xav tau cib, yog li lawv tau rhuav tshem ib lub tuam tsev architectural. Txoj hmoo tib yam tau tshwm sim rau pawg ntseeg laj kab.

Tsov rog thiab tom qab xyoo

Thiab thoob plaws hauv kev ua tsov ua rog, lub tuam tsev tseem ua haujlwm, nyob rau hauv nws cov arches thov Vajtswv kom kov yeej cov yeeb ncuab thiab rau tag nrho cov neeg uas los ntshav ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv 1945, ib tug ruaj ntseg plaque tshwm rau ntawm nws phab ntsa. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias lub nroog chav haujlwm ntawm architecture, ua txuj ci tseem ceeb, thaum kawg txaus siab rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub tsev thiab muab tso rau hauv kev tiv thaiv hauv xeev.

Cathedral ntawm Epiphany Oryol kev cai raus dej ntawm cov me nyuam
Cathedral ntawm Epiphany Oryol kev cai raus dej ntawm cov me nyuam

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev lees paub kev nyab xeeb no txaustsuas yog rau nees nkaum xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1960, lub npe hu ua Khrushchev phiaj los nqis tes rau kev tawm tsam kev cai dab qhuas remnants twb launched nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, thaum lub sij hawm uas lub Epiphany Cathedral tsis tau tsuas yog kaw, tab sis kuj rebuilt rau cov kev xav tau ntawm lub puppet theatre nyob rau hauv nws cov phab ntsa. Cov domes nrog ntoo khaub lig raug rhuav tshem, thiab cov vaults sab hauv tau npog nrog lub qab nthab. Tag nrho cov phab ntsa paintings ua los ntawm cov tswv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th tau plastered raws li lawv tsis sib haum mus rau lub ideological orientation ntawm lub koom haum kab lis kev cai uas nyob rau hauv nws.

Long road of rebirth

Hnub no, Epiphany Cathedral hauv Orel, uas nws qhov chaw nyob yog Epiphany Square 1, rov muaj txoj sia nyob, rov qhib nws lub qhov rooj rau nws cov parishioners. Tab sis qhov no tau ua ntej los ntawm txoj kev ntev thiab nyuaj, qhov pib uas tau muab tso rov qab rau xyoo 1994, tam sim ntawd tom qab nws raug xa mus rau cov tswv cuab ntawm pawg ntseeg. Txaus nws hais tias kev kho dua tshiab ntawm lub thaj neeb tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev desecration siv yuav luag nees nkaum xyoo.

Tsuas yog tom qab nws lub thaj tseem ceeb raug fij rau xyoo 1996, ntawm lwm lub tsev teev ntuj hauv nroog, Epiphany Cathedral (Oryol) tau rov pib ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua. Kev cai raus dej ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus, kab tshoob kev kos, ntees tuag thiab lwm yam rites tau pib ua dua, ib yam li ib zaug thaum ub. Tag nrho cov no tau tshwm sim tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm kho kom rov zoo li qub. Nyob rau xyoo 2000, ib pab neeg ua yeeb yam tau ua tiav kev kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, kho nws qhov zoo li qub rau phab ntsa.

Cathedral ntawm Epiphany Orel xov tooj
Cathedral ntawm Epiphany Orel xov tooj

Belfry rov qab los ntawm oblivion

Ib qho ntawm cov theem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog kev kho dua tshiab ntawm kev puas tsuajpre-war lub sij hawm ntawm lub cathedral tswb pej thuam. Hauv xyoo 2008, ntawm qhov chaw uas nws lub hauv paus tau tsa saum av, kev tsim kho tau pib, ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Xyoo tom ntej, lub tswb tseem ceeb tau tsa rau ntawm nws, thiab hauv 2013 cov kab ke ntawm kev fij tseg ntawm lawv cov txheej txheem tiav tau tshwm sim.

Nyob rau lub Tsib Hlis 24, 2014, ntau cov neeg ntseeg thiab cov neeg uas tsis quav ntsej txog qhov tshwm sim tau tuaj rau ntawm lub square uas Epiphany Cathedral hauv Orel nyob. Nws yog ib hnub tseem ceeb heev. Ib lub dome thiab tus ntoo khaub lig crowning nws tau ntsia rau ntawm lub tswb pej thuam ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, tom qab ntawd cov koob hmoov uas tos ntev tau ntab hla lub nroog. Lub sijhawm kawg nws tau hnov hauv Orel xyoo 1919, thaum tom qab tawm ntawm White Guard units los ntawm lub nroog, Lenin txoj cai txwv tsis pub lub tswb nrov tau pib siv.

Cathedral parish life today

Tsis ntev ua ntej qhov kev tshwm sim tseem ceeb no, Archpriest Alexander (Prischepa), tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Oryol pawg ntseeg, tau raug tsa los ua tus saib xyuas ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Raws li nws txoj kev coj noj coj ua, lub neej hauv zej zog tau mus txog qib tshiab. Ib lub tsev kawm ntawv hnub Sunday thiab lub tsev hu nkauj tau qhib, lub tsev teev ntuj saum lub qhov dej tau tsim, uas cov dej ntws los ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig los ntawm lub qhov dej artesian nyob ntawm no, uas ua rau lub Cathedral ntawm Epiphany tsis muaj tseeb.

Cathedral ntawm Epiphany qhib sijhawm
Cathedral ntawm Epiphany qhib sijhawm

Lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub tuam tsev tag nrho yog raws li lub sijhawm ntawm tag nrho lwm lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox. Hnub ua haujlwm thaum sawv ntxov pib thaum 8:00 teev sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj kev pabcuam thaum 5:00 teev tsaus ntuj. Hnub Sunday thiab hnub so, ob lub liturgies tau txais kev pab: ntxov thaum 7:00 thiab lig thaum 9:00. Peb qhia rau txhua tus uas yuav mus xyuas thawj zaugCathedral of the Epiphany (Eagle) - xov tooj rau xov tooj: +7(4862) 54-31-59.

Pom zoo: