Umayyad Mosque (Damascus, Syria): piav qhia, keeb kwm. pej thuam prophecy

Cov txheej txheem:

Umayyad Mosque (Damascus, Syria): piav qhia, keeb kwm. pej thuam prophecy
Umayyad Mosque (Damascus, Syria): piav qhia, keeb kwm. pej thuam prophecy

Video: Umayyad Mosque (Damascus, Syria): piav qhia, keeb kwm. pej thuam prophecy

Video: Umayyad Mosque (Damascus, Syria): piav qhia, keeb kwm. pej thuam prophecy
Video: Travelling in Anne Lister’s Footsteps 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Lub Umayyad Mosque (Damascus, Syria) yog ib lub tuam tsev loj tshaj plaws thiab qub tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws kuj dais lub npe ntawm Great Mosque ntawm Damascus. Tus nqi ntawm lub tsev no rau lub architectural cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm lub teb chaws yog tsuas colossal. Nws qhov chaw kuj yog lub cim. Lub Umayyad Grand Mosque nyob hauv Damascus, lub nroog qub tshaj plaws hauv Syria.

Umayyad mosque
Umayyad mosque

Keeb Kwm Keeb Kwm

Lub Umayyad Mosque nyob hauv lub nroog Syria - lub nroog Damascus. Archaeologists hais tias lub nroog no muaj txog 10,000 xyoo. Muaj tsuas yog ib lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no laus dua Damascus - Jericho nyob rau hauv Palestine. Damascus yog qhov chaw ntseeg loj tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho Levant, thiab nws qhov tseem ceeb yog txoj cai Umayyad Mosque. Lub Levant yog lub npe dav dav rau txhua lub tebchaws ntawm sab hnub tuaj Mediterranean, xws li Qaib Cov Txwv, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Egypt, Palestine, thiab lwm yam.

Tom qab mus xyuas Damascus los ntawm tus Thwj Tim Povlauj, ib qho kev ntseeg tshiab tau tshwm sim hauv nroog - Cov ntseeg Vajtswv. Thiab qhov tseeb tias Damascus tau hais ntau zaus hauv phau Vajlugkub,kuj tsis muaj coincidence. Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 11th tau muaj hmoo rau lub nroog. Nws tau kov yeej los ntawm tus huab tais ntawm Israeli xeev David. Maj mam, cov pab pawg Aramaic hauv thaj chaw no tau pib lub hauv paus ntawm lub nceeg vaj tshiab, uas tom qab ntawd suav nrog Palestine. Nyob rau hauv 333 BC. Damascus raug ntes los ntawm cov tub rog ntawm Alexander lub Great, thiab nyob rau hauv 66 los ntawm cov Roman tub rog, tom qab ntawd nws tau los ua ib lub xeev ntawm Syria.

Umayyad Mosque (Damascus). Vaj Keeb Kwm

Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw uas tsim lub mosque nyob rau hauv lub Aramaic era (kwv yees li 3 txhiab xyoo dhau los) yog lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Hadad, nyob rau hauv uas cov Arameans tuav pe hawm. Cov ntawv keeb kwm ua tim khawv tias Yexus Khetos nws tus kheej tau hais lawv cov lus. Qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm excavations, ua tsaug rau cov bas alt steles depicting ib tug sphinx tau pom nyob rau hauv lub qaum teb sab hnub tuaj ces kaum ntawm lub Great Mosque. Hauv lub sijhawm Roman tom ntej, lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Jupiter tau sawv ntawm tib qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv Byzantine era, raws li kev txiav txim ntawm Emperor Theodosius, lub tuam tsev pagan raug puas ntsoog thiab lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Zechariah tau tsim nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw, uas tom qab ntawd renamed lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm John the Baptist.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub tsev teev ntuj no yog qhov chaw nkaum tsis yog rau cov ntseeg, tab sis kuj rau Muslims. Tau 70 xyoo, cov kev pabcuam saum ntuj los tau tuav hauv pawg ntseeg rau ob lub npe tib lub sijhawm. Yog li ntawd, thaum Arabs kov yeej Damascus hauv 636, lawv tsis kov lub tsev no. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov Muslims tau ua ib lub cib me me txuas mus rau lub tuam tsev nyob rau sab qab teb.

Kev tsim tsa lub mosque

Thaum Umayyad caliph Al-Walid kuv nce lub zwm txwv, nws tau txiav txim siab yuav lub tsev teev ntuj los ntawm cov ntseeg. Tom qab ntawd nws tau demolished thiab ua nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw.uas twb muaj lawm mosque. Caliph Al-Walid Kuv txiav txim siab los tsim qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev pe hawm rau Muslims. Nws xav kom lub tsev muaj qhov txawv ntawm nws qhov tshwj xeeb architectural zoo nkauj los ntawm txhua lub tsev ntseeg. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias nyob rau hauv Syria muaj cov ntseeg Vajtswv uas zoo sib txawv nyob rau hauv kev zoo nkauj thiab splendor. Lub caliph xav kom lub mosque nws ua kom nyiam ntau dua, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo nkauj dua. Nws cov tswv yim tau pom los ntawm cov kws tsim qauv zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws tsim khoom siv tes ua los ntawm Maghreb, Is Nrias teb, Rome thiab Persia. Tag nrho cov nyiaj uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov nyiaj txiag thaum lub sij hawm ntawd tau siv rau kev tsim lub mosque. Tus huab tais Byzantine, nrog rau qee tus thawj coj Muslim, tau pab txhawb kev tsim kho lub mosque. Lawv muab ntau mosaics thiab gems.

Building architecture

Lub Tsev Teev Ntuj Loj ntawm Damascus lossis Umayyad Mosque tau muab zais los ntawm kev hustle thiab bustle ntawm lub nroog loj tom qab cov phab ntsa loj. Nyob rau sab laug ntawm qhov nkag koj tuaj yeem pom ib lub tsheb loj loj ntawm lub log ntawm qhov loj. Cov lus xaiv tau hais tias qhov no yog lub tsheb sib tw ua rog uas tau khaws cia txij li thaum ub Rome. Txawm hais tias qee tus ntseeg tias lub tsheb thauj neeg no yog ib qho khoom siv rau ramming thaum lub sijhawm ua phem rau Damascus, sab laug los ntawm Tamerlane.

Qab lub rooj vag ntawm lub mosque qhib ib lub tshav dav hlau, kab nrog dub thiab dawb marble slabs. Cov phab ntsa yog ua los ntawm onyx. Los ntawm tag nrho cov sab, lub tshav puam yog ib puag ncig los ntawm ib tug colonnade nyob rau hauv cov duab ntawm ib daim duab plaub 125 meters ntev thiab 50 meters dav. Koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau Umayyad Mosque los ntawm plaub sab los ntawm lub rooj vag. Lub tsev thov Vajtswv occupies ib sab, raws perimeter lub tshav puam yog surrounded los ntawm pleev xim rauib lub vaulted gallery, richly decorated nrog dluab ntawm lub vaj Eden thiab golden mosaics. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tshav puam muaj ib lub pas dej ua ke rau ablution thiab ib tug ciav.

Yaj Lus Ceeb Toom

Cov minarets, uas tau khaws cia yuav luag hauv lawv daim ntawv qub, yog qhov muaj nqis tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv 1488, lawv tau rov qab ib nrab. Lub minaret, nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj, tau mob siab rau tus yaj saub Isu (Yexus) thiab tuav nws lub npe. Lub minaret zoo li tus pej thuam quadrangular uas zoo li tus cwj mem. Lub Mosque Umayyad tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrov rau lub minaret no.

umayyad mosque prophecy ntauwd
umayyad mosque prophecy ntauwd

Cov lus faj lem ntawm tus pej thuam hais tias ua ntej Kev Txiav Txim Kawg nyob rau zaum ob, Yexus Khetos yuav nqes los saum lub minaret. Thaum Nws nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj, Nws yuav tsa tus cev Vajtswv lus Yahya. Ces nkawd ob leeg yuav mus rau Yeluxalees los tsim kev ncaj ncees rau lub ntiajteb. Yog li ntawd, txhua txhua hnub muaj ib daim ntaub pua plag tshiab tso rau hauv qhov chaw uas tus Cawm Seej ko taw yuav tsum ua. Rov qab lub minaret ntawm Tswv Yexus yog minaret ntawm tus nkauj nyab los yog al-Aruq. Nyob rau sab hnub poob yog lub al-Gharbiya minaret, uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th.

kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm mosque

Lub faus ntawm lub tshav puam ntawm lub mosque yog kab nrog ntau xim marble. Qee qhov chaw yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog mosaics thiab npog nrog gilding. Tau ntev, tag nrho cov kev zoo nkauj no tau muab zais los ntawm txheej tuab ntawm plaster, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1927, ua tsaug rau cov kws txawj kho, nws puas tau muaj rau kev xav.

Umayyad mosque Damascus
Umayyad mosque Damascus

Sab hauv ntawm lub mosque tsis zoo nkauj tsawg. Cov phab ntsa yog inlaid nrog marble thiab cov plag tsev yogntaub pua plag. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho muaj ntau tshaj tsib txhiab ntawm lawv. Lub tsev thov Vajtswv yog impressive. Nws yog 136 meters ntev thiab 37 meters dav. Tag nrho cov ntawm nws yog them nrog ntoo flooring, Corinthian kab nce raws nws perimeter. Qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub tsev yog nyob ntawm plaub kab pleev xim rau txhawb nqa lub dome loj. Cov duab kos duab thiab mosaics ntawm txhua kab yog tus nqi tshwj xeeb.

qhov ntxa ntawm Yahya

umyyad mosque syria
umyyad mosque syria

Sab qab teb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj yog nyob ntawm plaub mihrabs. Ib lub tsev teev ntuj tseem ceeb ntawm lub mosque - lub qhov ntxa ntawm Hussein ibn Ali, uas, raws li cov lus dab neeg, yog tus xeeb ntxwv ntawm tus Yaj Saub Muhammad, nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub tshav puam. Qhov kev nkag mus rau lub relics yog muab zais hauv qab lub qhov rooj me me nyob rau sab nraum qab ntawm lub tshav puam. Lub ntxa yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Hussein. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, tus yaj saub tus tub xeeb ntxwv raug tua ntawm Tsov Rog ntawm Karbala hauv 681. Lub taub hau ntawm Hussein tau muab rau tus thawj coj ntawm Syria, uas tau hais kom dai nws nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas Yauhas tus neeg ua kev cai raus dej lub taub hau tau dai rau ntawm Vajntxwv Helauj cov lus txib. Cov lus dab neeg hais tias tom qab ntawd cov noog pib ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab thiab txhua tus neeg nyob hauv lub nroog tau quaj tas li. Tom qab ntawd tus thawj tswj hwm tau hloov siab lees txim thiab muab kev txiav txim kom kaw lub taub hau hauv lub qhov ntxa kub thiab muab tso rau hauv ib lub crypt, uas tom qab ntawd tig mus rau hauv ib lub mosque. Muslims thov hais tias lub qhov ntxa kuj muaj cov plaub hau ntawm tus Yaj Saub Muhammad, uas nws txiav tawm thaum nws zaum kawg mus xyuas Mecca.

Lub ntxa ntawm Yauhas tus Baptist

Tseem nyob hauv lub tsev thov Vajtswv yog ib lub qhov ntxa nrog Yauhas tus uas muab neeg ua kev cai raus dej lub taub hau. Thaum lub hauv paus ntawm lub mosque tau muab tso rau, cov builders nrhiav tau ib lub ntxa. Raws li Syrian Christians,nws yog qhov chaw faus ntawm Yauhas tus uas ua kevcai raus dej. Caliph Ibn Walid tau muab qhov kev txiav txim kom tawm hauv qhov ntxa mus rau nws qhov chaw qub. Yog li ntawd nws pom nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Lub qhov ntxa dawb marble yog ib puag ncig ntawm iav ntsuab niches los ntawm qhov uas koj tuaj yeem sau ntawv rau tus yaj saub Yahya lossis muab khoom plig rau nws. Raws li Archimandrite Alexander Elisov, tsuas yog ib feem ntawm lub taub hau ntawm John the Baptist nyob rau hauv lub qhov ntxa. Tag nrho cov relics tau muab zais rau hauv Athos, Amiens thiab hauv lub tuam tsev ntawm Pope Sylvester hauv Rome.

Umayyad mosque levant
Umayyad mosque levant

Ib lub vaj me me nyob rau sab qaum teb ntawm lub mosque, uas lub qhov ntxa Salah ad-Din nyob.

Tests

Zoo li lwm lub thaj neeb, Umayyad Mosque tau dhau los ntawm ntau qhov kev sim siab. Cais ntu ntawm nws hlawv ob peb zaug. Lub mosque kuj raug kev puas tsuaj ntuj tsim. Xyoo 1176, 1200 thiab 1759 muaj av qeeg uas muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv lub nroog. Tom qab kawg ntawm lub Umayyad dynasty, Syria tau rov ua puas tsuaj los ntawm Mongols, Seljuks thiab Ottoman. Txawm tias tag nrho cov teeb meem, tib lub tsev uas tau rov qab sai sai thiab zoo siab rau nws cov parishioners yog Umayyad Mosque. Syria los txog niaj hnub no txaus siab rau lub hwj chim indestructible ntawm no cim kab lis kev cai monument.

Umayyad Grand Mosque hauv Damascus
Umayyad Grand Mosque hauv Damascus

Txoj cai nyob hauv mosque

Lub Umayyad Mosque (Damascus) yog qhov chaw tos txais rau txhua tus neeg ntawm kev ntseeg. Parishioners nyob rau hauv nws cov phab ntsa tsis xav tias tsis zoo, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, lawv coj tus cwj pwm zoo heev. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem pom cov neeg ua yeeb yam namaz, cov uasnyeem vaj lug kub. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem zaum thiab txaus siab rau qhov kev dawb huv ntawm qhov chaw no, koj tuaj yeem pw. Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem ntsib cov neeg tsaug zog. Cov tub qhe ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj saib xyuas txhua tus neeg ywj pheej, lawv tsis ntiab tawm lossis rau txim rau leej twg. Cov menyuam yaus nyiam dov rau hauv pem teb marble polished kom ci. Cov neeg ncig teb chaws rau tus nqi me me tuaj yeem tuaj xyuas Umayyad Mosque (Syria) txhua hnub tshwj tsis yog hnub Friday. Thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub mosque, koj yuav tsum tshem koj nkawm khau. Nws tuaj yeem tso nrog cov thawj coj rau tus nqi ntxiv lossis nqa nrog koj. Rau cov poj niam, tshwj xeeb khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm dub capes yog muab, uas yog tseem muab nyob rau hauv lub nkag. Nws yuav tsum tau borne nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias nyob rau hauv Syria nws yog yuav luag ib txwm kub heev, yog li cov marble pem teb nyob rau hauv lub mosque yog tej zaum rhuab mus rau qhov txwv. Nws yuav luag tsis yooj yim rau taug kev ko taw ntawm qhov chaw zoo li no, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los nqa cov thom khwm nrog koj.

umyyad mosque Damascus Syria
umyyad mosque Damascus Syria

Muslim los ntawm thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb nrhiav kev mus xyuas Umayyad Mosque (Syria) tsawg kawg ib zaug. Nov yog qhov chaw neeg coob tshaj plaws hauv Damascus.

Pom zoo: